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Cii. XLIII.] 



SLOW FOEMATION OF RACES 



471 



on the distinctness of tlie leading races of mankind^ especially 

 tlie Caucasian and NegTO^ and on tlio constancy of cliaracters 

 maintained by tliese last for 4^000 years as proved by old 

 Eoyptian paintings^ suggests tliat at some former period man' 

 corporeal frame must liave been more pliant and variabi 

 than it is now ; for according to the observed rate of fluctu 



K> 







ation in modern times^ scarcely any conceivable lapse of ages 

 would suffice to give rise to such an amount of differentiation . 

 He therefore concludes that when first the mental and moral 

 qualities of man acquired predominance his bodily form ceased 

 to vary. He was enabled to meet all new exigencies springing 

 out of new conditions of existence by inventing new v^^eapons^ 



houses to protect him 



by clothing himself and building 

 against the inclemency of the w^.eather^ by making use of fire 

 to render palatable and nutritious animal and vegetable sub- 

 stances^ and above all by his powers of social combination. 

 Instead of the form of his limbs being modified or acquiring 

 more agility and strength^ instead of his sight or hearing 

 becoming more acute^ his body would remain stationary Avhile 

 his intellectual faculties would continually improve."^ 



Before, hov/ever^ we embrace the views here set forth^ wg 

 must be sure that we are not underrating the vastness of the 

 time which it may possibly have taken for races so different 

 as the European and Negro to diverge from a common type. 



T 



Broca, in his work on Anthropology, when speaking of the 



r 



paintings preserved in Egyptian temples nearly 4,000 years 

 old, says that, besides !^[egroes and Greeks, there are repre- 

 sentations of Jews, Mongols, Hindoos, and natives of the 

 valley of the Mle, proving that all these types were then 

 as distinct as they are now. He nevertheless thinks that 

 climate, social condition, alimentation, and mode of life may 

 have determined originally the diversity of races, although it 

 IS evident that three or four thousand years is but a minute 

 fraction of the time required to bring about such wide diver- 

 gence from a common parent stock. 



Mr. C. L. Brace, in his answer to Mr. Wallace, has re- 

 marked that when members of the Anglo-Saxon race have 

 in the course of the last two centuries colonised a distant 



* Human Euces, &e. Antliropological Ecview, May 1801, p. clyiii. 



