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 ^iTi'ling land 



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Ch. XLVII.] 



HIS WORKS IN SUBAQUEOUS STRATA. 



553 



animals may be imbedded in subaqueous strata, cannot be 

 better illustrated than by the earthquake of Cutch, in 1819, 

 before alluded to (p. 97). It is stated, that, for 



some 



after that earthquake, the withered tamarisks and other 

 shrubs protruded their tops above the waves, in parts of the 

 lagoon formed by subsidence, on the site of the village of 

 Sindree and its environs ; but, after the flood of 1826, they 

 were seen no longer. Every geologist will at once perceive 

 that forests sunk by such subterranean movements may be- 

 come imbedded in subaqueous deposits, both fluviatile and 

 marine, and the trees may still remain erect, or sometimes 

 the roots and part of the trunks may continue in their 

 original position, while the current may have broken off, or 

 levelled with the ground, their upper stems and branches. 



Buildings how ;preserved under water. — Some of the buildings 



which have at different times subsided beneath the level of 

 the sea have been immediately covered up to a certain extent 

 with strata of volcanic matter showered down upon them. 

 Such was the case at Tomboro in Sumbawa, in the present 

 century, and at the site of the Temple of Serapis, in the 

 environs of Puzzuoli, probably about the 12th century. The 

 entrance of a river charged with sediment in the vicinity 

 may still more frequently occasion the rapid envelopment of 

 buildings in regularly stratified formations. But, if no foreign 

 matter be introduced, the buildings, when once removed to 

 a depth where the action of the waves is insensible^ and 

 where no great current happens to flow, may last for indefi- 

 nite periods, and be as durable as the floor of the ocean itself, 

 which may often be composed of the very same materials. 

 There is no reason to doubt the tradition mentioned by the 



submei 



t) 



and Helice were seen under water- and ruins of old sub- 

 merged towns are mentioned by Captain Spratt as being 

 visible in the sea off the eastern extremity of Crete or Candia. 

 It has been already mentioned that different eye-witnesses 

 have observed the houses of Port Eoyal, at the bottom of the 

 sea, at intervals of 88, 101, and 143 years after the convul- 

 sion of 1692 (p. 160). 



Buried temples of Cashmere. — The celebrated valley of 



