GENEEAL INDEX. 



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Travertin of San Filippo, i. 402 



— funned by calcareous springs, i. 401 



— of Tivoli, section of, i. 406 



— spheroidal structure of, i. 403 

 Tree ferns, distribution of, i. 224 

 Trias, fossil mammalia of, i. 161 

 Trifoglietto, ancient axis of Etna, ii. 11 

 Trinidad, pitch lake of, i. 414 

 Tristram, Mr., on volcanic deposits of 



Eed Sea, i. 591 

 Truncation of volcanic cones, ii. 20, 145 

 Tufa. See Travertin. 

 Turtles, eggs of fossil, ii. 573 

 Tuscany, geology of, i. 59 



— formation of limestone of, ii. 610 

 Tyndal on motion of glaciers, i. 373 

 Tyrol, earth-pillars of, ii. 335 



UDDEVALLA, change of level at, 

 since Glacial period, ii. 192 

 Ullah Eund, elevation of the, ii. 100 

 Ulloa on spread of wild ass in S. 



America, ii. 459 

 Unconformable strata, inferences de- 

 rived from, i. 316 

 Uniformity of geological changes, i. 305- 



309 



Universal deposits, theory of, i. 112 

 ■ — ocean, theory of, i. 40, 51 

 Upheaval, proofs of slow, i. 131 

 — signs of, in Atlantic islands, ii. 404 

 Upsala, upraised brackish water de- 

 posits near, ii. 194 



YAL DEL BOVE, on Etna, changes 

 in, by modern eruptions, ii. 25-33 

 dikes in, ii. 16 

 flood in 1755, ii. 37 

 horizontal beds of, ii. 13 

 origin of, ii. 18 



views and description of the, 

 ii. 78 



Valleys, excavation of, in Central France, 

 i. 356 



newly formed, i. 344 

 on Etna, ii. 8 



excavation of, assisted by earth- 

 quakes, ii. 133 



• excavated since Palaeolithic man 

 lived, ii, 562 



Vallisneri on natural causes of change, 

 i. 54 



on origin of springs, i. 50 

 Valparaiso, coast raised at, ii, 94, 95 

 Variation accumulated by man in any 

 required direction, ii. 297 



Are there definite limits to? ii. 300 



of a species, number of causes pro- 

 ducing, ii. 318 



VOL 



Variation of races under domestication, 

 ii. 284 



our ignorance of the laws producing, 

 ii. 490 

 Varieties, benefited by slight crossing, 

 ii. 320, 322 



often merged into common stock, ii. 



320 

 Vedas, sacred hymns of, i, 6 

 Venetz on recession of glaciers before 



the tenth century, i, 278 

 Verneuil, M. de, cited, i. 251 



on rocksalt of Cardona, i. 114 

 Vessels, wrecked. See Ships, 

 Vesta, temple of, i. 355 

 • Vestiges of Creation ' on nature of 



* t 



species, 11. 274 

 Vesuvian minerals, i. 632 

 Vesuvius, ancient history of, i. 602 

 renewal of eruptions of, i. 603 

 dikes of, i, 627 

 history of, after 1138, i. 606 

 modern eruptions of, i. 618 

 scoriae, ropy, i. 625 

 structure of cone of, i. 620 

 and Somma, ideal section of, i, 631 

 fossil leaves in tuffs of, i. 636 ; ii. 509 

 — valleys on north side of, i. 634 

 Vidal, Capt., on shells at great depths 



in the sea, ii. 576 

 Virginia, animals drowned in river floods 



in, ii. 639 

 Virlct, M., on agglomerate of Santorin, 



ii. 72 



on Samothracian deluge, i. 593 



- corrosion of rocks by gases, ii. 



515 ' 

 human remains in breccia of 



the Morea, ii. 517 

 Visp, earthquake at, in 1855, i. 341 

 Vistula, Eiver, its course diverted by 



packed ice, i. 364 

 Vivarais,countcr-currentof lavain,ii. 51 

 Volcanic action defined, i. 577 

 district of Naples, i. 598 

 mud or * moya' of Andes, i. 583 

 region from Asia to Azores, i. 591 

 regions, geographical boundaries of, 



i, 579-597 



vents, linear arrangement of, i. 577 

 accumulations, height of, in Madeira 



and Grand Canary, ii. 405 



eruptions, hydrogen present in, ii, 



224 



foci, access of air and fresh water to, 



ii. 225 



eruption may possibly disperse land- 



shells, ii. 430 



eruptions, agency of steam in, ii. 214 

 dikes. See Dikes. 

 foci, access of salt water to, ii. 223 



