168 EVOLUTION OF LIFE. 
herd together, having no idea of marriage or family life. 
As quoted by Buchner, Krapf, the missionary, in speaking 
of one of the Abyssinian tribes, says, “The Dokos are 
human pygmies; they are not more than four feet high; 
their skin is of an olive-brown. Wanderers in the woods, 
they live like animals, without habitations, without sacred 
trees, etc. They go naked, nourishing themselves by roots, 
fruits, mice, serpents, ants, honey; they climb trees like 
monkeys. Without chief, without law, without arms, 
without marriage, they have no family, and mate by chance 
like animals; they also multiply rapidly. The mother, 
after a very short lactation, abandons her child to itself. 
They neither hunt, nor cultivate, nor sow, and they never 
have known the use of fire. They have thick lips, a flat- 
tened nose, little eyes, long hair, hands and feet with 
great nails, with which they dig the soil" Lallemand, 
in speaking of the Botocudos, a tribe of Brazil, says, “I 
am sadly convinced that there are monkeys with two 
hands." The Negritoes, a race inhabiting the Philippine 
Islands, are regarded by those who live in Manilla as 
monkeys. According to Buchner, *the toes of these 
savages, who live partly in grottoes, partly on trees, are 
very mobile, and more separated than ours, especially 
the great toe. "They use them in maintaining themselves 
on branches and cords as with fingers.” As we would 
naturally expect, the unanimous testimony of those who 
have lived among these races is that all attempts at civiliz- 
ing such beasts have utterly failed. As these statements 
may appear somewhat exaggerated to those who are not 
familiar with the results of ethnological research, we content 
ourselves with referring such to the works of Lyell, Lub- 
bock, Rolle, Haeckel, and Buchner, on Man. Buchner quotes 
no less than twenty-five well-known writers, including mis- 
sionaries, naturalists, philologists, travelers, as entirely con- 
firming his statements respecting the low mental state of 
