508 



ENCROACHMENT OF THE SEA ON THE 



[Ch. 



/ 



became 



time 



new strait has 



main 



grown broader. 



East coast of Scotland.— To pass over 

 Scotland, we find that in Inverness-shire there have been 

 inroads of the sea at Fort George, and others in Morayshire, 

 which have swept away the old town of Findhorn. On the 

 coast of Kincardineshire, an illustration was afforded, at the 

 close of the last century, of the effect of promontories in pro- 

 tecting a line of low-shore. The villa 

 miles south of Johnshaven, was built o 



Mathers 



limestone 



beach, protected by a projecting 

 This was quarried for lime to such an extent that the sea 

 broke through, and in 1795 carried away the whole village in 

 one night, and penetrated 150 yards inland, where it has 

 maintained its ground ever since, the new village having- 

 been built farther inland on the new shore. In the Bay of 

 Montrose, we find the North Esk and the South Esk rivers 

 pouring annually into the sea large quantities of sand and 

 -oebbles ; yet they have formed no deltas, for the waves, aided 

 by the current, setting across their mouths, sweep away all 

 the materials. Considerable beds of shingle, brought down 

 by the North Esk, are seen alon 



Proceeding southwards, we learn that at Arbroath, in For- 

 farshire, which stands on a rock of red sandstone, gardens 



comm 



oachments 



It had 



become necessary before 1828, to remove the lighthouses at 



mouth 



Ness 



sea having encroached for three quarters of a mile. 



>/ 



Bell-Bock Lighthouse.— The combined 

 power which waves and currents can exert in estuaries 

 term which I confine to bays entered both by rivers and the 



remar 



ing of the Bell-Rock Lighthouse, off the mouth of the Tay. 

 The Bell Rock is a sunken reef, consisting of red sandstone, 

 being from twelve to sixteen feet under the surface at high 

 water, and about twelve miles from the mainland. At the 





the 





3 



in 



Hi 



Dt 



