r 



i 



u 



\ 



t 



3 



IS 

 1- 

 h 



at 

 of 



va 

 lis 



en 



el- 



by 



?he 



be 



•> 



a 



the 

 bili 





Ca. xxiil] 



OF VOLCANIC EEGIONS. 



581 



districts not a month. 



om 



same 



m 



be the case in Peru. The town of Copiapo was laid waste by 

 this terrible scourge in the years 1773, 1796, and 1819, or 

 ^ both cases after regular intervals of twenty-three years. 

 There have, however, been other shocks in that country in 

 the periods intervening between the dates above mentioned, 

 although probably all less severe, at least on the exact site of 

 Copiapo. The evidence against a regular recurrence of vol- 



canic convulsions at stated periods is so strong as a general 



must 



much importance to a few striking but probably accidental 



Among these last mig 



coincidences . 



of Lima, violently shaken by an earthquake on the 17th of 



same 



eruptions of Coseguina in the year 1709 and 1809, which are 

 the only two recorded of that volcano previous to that of 



1835. 



-;«• 



permanent 



Chili, I shall have occasion to speak in the next chapter, 

 when it will also be seen that great shocks often coincide 



submarine, or from 



Andes, showing the identity of the force which elevates con- 



t 



The space between Chili and Peru, in which no volcanic 



from 



to north. It is, however, as Yon Buch observes, that part of 

 the Andes which is least known, being thinly peopled, and 

 in some parts entirely desert. The volcanos of Peru rise 

 from a lofty platform to vast heights above the level of the 

 sea, from 17,000 to 20,000 feet. The lava which has issued 

 from Vieio. lat. 16° 55' S.. accompanied bv pumice, is com- 



mixture 



and mica, a rock which has been considered as one of the 

 varieties of andesite. Some tremendous earthquakes which 



hav 



• • 



modern times will be mentioned 



subsequent chapter. 

 The volcanos of Quito, 



* Darwin, Geol, Trans. 2d series, vol. y. p. 612. 



occurring between the 



second 



t Ibid. p. 606. 



