8 Part I. Chapter 1. 
standard authority on officinal plants. Amos EATON was the author of various 
text-books and of the most widely used Manual of Botany which appeared 
about 1814. The: last edition of this work called North American Botany 
was printed in 1840. 
Passing over the names of CHESTER DEWEY, the brothers BOOTT interested 
in the study of the carices, we come to EDWARD HITCHCOoCK, professor of 
chemistry and natural history in Amherst College. He published in 1829, a 
Catalogue of Plants growing within twenty miles of Amherst College. He also 
prepäred the first Report on the Animals and Plants of Massachusetts. GEORGE 
B. EMERSON must be mentioned next. To the preparation of his report on 
the Trees and Shrubs growing naturally in the forests of Massachusetts, he 
devoted all his leisure for nine years. It was published at Boston in 1846 
and a beautiful second edition with colored plates, followed in 1875. The 
names of WILLIAM OAKES and CHARLES PICKERING author of the Chronological 
History of Plants, Man’s Record of his own 'Existence, are inseparably con- 
nected with the early history of New England botany. In ı833, Harvard 
College received by the will of Dr. JostUA FisHER, an endowment to establish 
a Fisher-professorship of natural history. This chair was offered in 1842 to 
ASA GRAY and accepted by him. His first book published when he was 
twenty-six years old was the Elements of Botany. In 1842 appeared the 
Botanical Text-book, and in 1848 the first edition of the Manual: of Botany, 
the fifth edition published in 1867, the sixth in 1890 after the distinguished 
author’s death, and the last edition in 1908. GRAY's chef d’@uvre, the Synop- 
tical Flora of North America appeared in several volumes, as follows: Volume 
II Part I Gamopetalae after Compositae 1878; Volume ı Part II Caprifoliaceae 
to Compositae 1884; Volume I Part I Polypetalae to Frankeniaceae 1895. 
The name of CHARLES WRIGHT is associated with that of Asa Gray. Wright 
spent some years after his graduation in 1835 in the exploration of Texas, and 
the fruit of his labors appeared in Plantae Wrightianae by Gray. SERENO 
ATSON, an associate of Asa Gray in botanic work, accompanied KınG’s eX- 
ploring expeditions from 1867 to 1871. The resulting volume the first (1876) 
of the Botany of California showed his grasp of the subject so clearly that 
he was appointed curator of the Gray-Herbarium in 1874. The second volume 
appeared in 1880. SERENO WATSON is also the author of an important work 
entitled Bibliographical Index to North American Botany (1878). 
The first systematic account of American Algae is by an Irishman WILLIAM 
HENRY HARVEY. About 1849 he spent considerable time in New England 
and issued a work in three parts the Nereis Boreali-Americana. EDWARD 
TUCKERMAN engaged himself in the study of lichens published Genera Lichenum: 
an Arrangement of North American Lichens 1872, and he also found time t0 
issue an elaboration of HITCHCocK’s catalogue of plants growing within twenty 
a a STEPHEN T. OLNEY of Rhode Island published a 
Rn e Island Plants and a few years before his death in 1873 
S Odiacae. THOMAS P, JAMES, a resident of Cambridge, with LEO 
