14 Part I. Chapter ı. 
in three volumes, translated into German in 1754—64. Passing by JOHN BAR- 
TRAM, who established the second botanic garden in America, and ADAM 
KuHn, professor of botany in the University of Pennsylvania, we come to 
HUMPHREY MARSHALL, author of Arbustum Americanum the American Grove, 
or an alphabetical Catalogue of Forest Trees and Shrubs, natives of the 
American United States (Philadelphia 1785). 
In 1791 WırLıam BARTRAM’s Travels through South Carolina, Georgia, 
'East and West Florida appeared and in 1801 ANDRE MıcHAUX’s Oaks of North 
America. Two years later in ı803, the first elementary work on botany by 
BENJAMIN SMITH BARTON was published in Philadelphia. F. ANDRE MICHAUX 
in ı810 issued his history of the forest trees of North America (Histoire des 
Arbres Forestieres de l’Amerique Septentrionale) with colored plates. A cata- 
logue of the native and naturalized plants of North America was published by 
MÜHLENBERG at Lancaster in ı813. Later FREDERICK PURSH published in 
London in 1814 his comprehensive work Flora Americae Septentrionalis. Ar- 
ranged according to the Linnaean system, there appeared in 1818 in two 
volumes WILLIam P. C. BARTON’s Compendium Florae Philadelphicae. Botanic 
' works and papers began now to multiply and in ı818 THOMAS NUTTALL 
issued his Genera of North American Plants. 
In 1826 in conjunction with some of his intimate friends, WILLIAM DAR- 
LINGTON of West Chester assisted in organizing the Chester County Cabinet 
of Natural Science and in the same year published Florula Cestrica. This 
paved the way for a large and more comprehensive manual of the botany of 
Chester County, which appeared in 1837 under title of Flora Cestrica. A third‘ 
edition of this book appeared in 1853. The study of the cryptogams was not 
neglected, for LEWIS D, DE SCHWEINITZ published in 1831, a synopsis of North 
American fungi, Synopsis F ungorum in America Boreali Media Digentium. 
About the same time ELıas DURAND contributed several botanic papers to 
the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences namely, descriptions of HEER- 
MANN’s and PRATTEN’s collections. In 1899 appeared an historic account of 
the botany of the region in the Botanists of Philadelphia and their Work by 
JOHN W. HARSHBERGER. 
The University of Pennsylvania and the Academy of Natural Sciences 
of Philadelphia may be looked upon as seats of botanic learning for Pennsyl- 
vania and for the adjoining region. The history of botany at the University 
is somewhat as follows ADAM KUHN a pupil of Linnarus was the first pro- 
fessor of botany being appointed in the year 1768. BENJAMIN SMITH BARTON 
occupied the chair of materia medica and botany from about ı800 to 1813- 
He was succeeded by WırLıam P. C. BARTON in 1816 who lectured until 
about 1822; the faculty of natural history being abolished in 1828. In 1829 
SOLOMON W. CONRAD was elected botanist and served until the time of his 
death in 1831. Later in 1835, GEORGE B. WooD was elected to the chaif 
e materia medica and was succeeded by his nephew Horartıo C. WOOD, who 
occupied the chair .of botany until 1876 when JosEPH T. ROTHROCK Was 
