Origin of Mountain Elements. 225 
extend farther up the Tennessee valley. This mountain especially near its 
southwestern end in Alabama, harbors a notable colony of lower Austral plants: 
Pinus taeda L. 
Xyris communis Kunth (= X. macro- 
cephala Vahl). 
Asimina parviflora Michx. 
Cocculus carolinuss L. (= Cebatha 
carolina Britton). 
Sarracenia flava L. (var. oreophila). 
Crotonopsis linearis Michx. 
Berchemia scandens Hill (= B. volu- 
bilis DC.). 
Vaccinium (Batodendron) arboreum 
Marsh. 
Gelsemium sempervirens L. 
Spigelia marylandica L. 
Chondrophora virgata Nutt. (= Bige- 
lovia nudata var. virgata Nutt.). 
The species physiologically of the hot coast plain (austro-riparian) form not 
infrequently, in peculiarly favorable localities diminutive pine barrens which 
cover sandy river bottoms and the dry sunny lower slopes of the hills, in 
numbers so pronounced, that a botanist suddenly set down amongst them 
might be puzzled for a moment as to his whereabouts. Two colonies of this 
character may be referred to. 
Along the French Broad River below Paint Rock, North Carolina, and just 
within the limits of Tennessee, the stream is bordered by limited strips of flat 
land, which are mostly covered by a small growth of yellow pine Pinus mitis 
(= P. cchinata). The altitude of the river banks is here from 1150 to 1200 feet 
(345 to 360 m) above the sea. 
the coastal pine barren flora. 
In these grooves, the herbaceous flora is like 
The following list of species all of which are 
abundantly represented, indicates the character of this flora. 
Erianthus alopecuroides L. 
Andropogon argyraeus Schult. 
Chrysopogon (Sorghum) nutans var. 
Linnaeanus (= Sorghastrum Lin- 
neanum Hack.). 
Sporobolus asper Michx. 
Danthonia sericea Nutt. 
Gymnopogon ambiguus Michx. 
(= G. racemosus Beaur.). 
Triodia cuprea Jacq. (= Tridens ses- 
lerioides Michx.). 
Crataegus uniflora Muench. (= C. parvi- 
folia Soland.). 
Schrankia (Morongia) angustata Torr. 
& Gray. 
‘Stylosanthes riparia Kearney. 
Croton glandulosus L. 
Vitis rotundifolia Michx. 
Hypericum (Sarothra) Drummondii 
Grev. & Hook. 
Bignonia crucigera L. (= B. capreo- 
lata 
Elephantopus tomentosus L. 
Eupatorium aromaticum L. 
Chrysopsis graminifolia Michx. 
Silphium asteriscus L. 
» compositum Michx. 
Another noteworthy austro-riparian colony, according to KEARNEY ’'), occurs 
at a mean elevation of about 1000 feet (300 meters), in the canyon-like valley 
of the Hiwassee River, in extreme south-eastern Tennessee. Some of the most 
important species are: 
1) KEARNEY, THoMmas H. JR.; 1. c. 835. 
Harshberger, Survey N.-America, 
