424 Part IV. Chapter 2. 
Xyris fimbriata. Ascyrum stans. Gentiana porphyrio. 
Tofieldia racemosa. Hypericum densiflorum. Lobelia Canbyi. 
Narthecium americanum. . > virgatum ovali- Eupatorium leucolepis. 
Xerophyllum asphodelioides. folium. > resinosum. 
milax Walteri. Polygala lutea. Sclerolepis uniflora 
tamnifolia. > brevifolia. Helianthus angustifolius. 
>»  Jaurifolia. Desmodium strietum. Aster graeilis. 
Habenaria cristata. Itea virginica. >» nemoralis. 
Lophiola americana. Leiophyllum buxifolium. Solidago strieta. 
Lachnanthes tinctoria. Pyxidanthera barbulata. > pilosa, 
Arenaria caroliniana. Sabbatia lanceolata. > erecta. 
The northern element in the New Jersey pine-barren flora consists of the following species 
which practically find their south low-ground limits in this region or a little south of it: Schizaea Bi: 
pusilla (recently discovered on the sea strand at Sea Side Park, N. J.), Sporobolus serotinus, Carex 
livida, C. follieulata, C. trisperma, Eriophorum polystachyum, Juncus pelocarpus, J. militaris, Corema 
Conradii, Utrieularia clandestina, Gaultheria procumbens, Cassandra (Chamaedaphne) calyculata, 
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaceinium atrococcum, Chrysopsis falcata. The botanist notices the 
absence from the pine barrens of such plants as *Symplocarpus (Spathyema) foetidus, *Arisaema 
trip ‚ Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus abortivus, R. fascicularis, Thalietrum polygonum, Caltha 
palustris, Viola cucullata, V, sagittata, *Lobelia cardinalis, Helianthus giganteus, *Vernonia novebora- 
eensis, Senecio aureus. These species are found in the woods of the Delaware Valley and 
uplands beyond and those marked near the seacoast. 
Forest Formation. The pine barrens consist of unbroken extents of dark 
green pine forest never rising over fifty feet above ground level. Pinus rigida 
is the most abundant tree and forms according to my observations an open 
forest with an undergrowth of oaks and ericaceous plants. (Pinus rigida — Facies.) 
The second layer comprises such trees as Ouercus marylandıica, O. obtusiloba 
(= 0. minor, ©. stellata), O. alba (rare) and the third layer consists of 
many shrubs and small trees sometimes in dense masses at other places in 
widely open formation and varying in composition according to the locality 
and edaphic conditions. | 
— 
... ” ” * * 
These are: Quereus ilieifolia (=Q. nana), Q. prinoides, Crataegus parviflora, Vaceini 
pennsylvanieum, co 
rymbosum, vacillans, Gaylussacia dumosa, resinosa, frondosa, Andromeda | 
cumbens, Breweria Pickeringii, Cro 
vogether with Galactia glabella, Cladonia rangiferina, Phlox subulata, Opuntia vulgaris, Helianthem 
Euphorbia ipecacuanhae and Lechea minor. In dry woods oceuf 
5; Baptisia tinetoria, also Monarda punctata, Asclepias tuberosä, 
i ‘orallorhiza multiflora, 
Cypripedium acaule, Cor 
