436 Part IV. Chapter 2. 
south of Virginia Pinus mitis recedes from the coast and is found chiefly 
upper part of the southern coast pine belt. In Florida it is confined to the 
uplands along the northern border of the state scattered among Pinus pa- 
lustris, and ER trees. Pinus Taeda in Virginia is not found beyond 
the northern limit of the Tertiary strata of the coast region and it occurs 
forests. In North Carolina, Pinus Taeda is the predominating tie 
throughout the eastern coast plain and in the lower part of the state whe 
it forms extensive forests, more or less frequently interspersed with 
palustris. South of Cape Fear River however the latter prevails almost 
clusively. In the extensive region watered by numerous streams flowing 
Albemarle and Pamlico sounds, in the rich, moist soil of the wide swamf 
above tidewater, Pinus Taeda reaches its best development. 
\J 
In general these pine forests resemble a two-storied high forest, there being an upper 
of pine 70—100 feet in height, with a rather thin cover and beneath the pine an open gi 
of serub oaks 10—15 feet in height. As the cover of the pines becomes thinner the oaks beco 
more numerous., The floor is grassy with coarse tufts of FR strieta or broom grasses, OF 
is covered with shrubs. 
In the Dismal Swamp Territory of Virginia the dry sandy soil of the open pine 
is provided with a more or less close carpet of grasses and other herbaceous plants. Grasses Ol ! 
genera Andropogon, Panicum and Danthonia prevail with such herbs as Polygala mariana, S 
santhes biflora, Psoralea pedunculata, Desmodium strietum, Elephantopus nudatus, Eupatorium in 
folium, Aster gracilis, Koellia hyssopifolia, Gratiola pilosa, Linum medium etc. In somewhat mo 
but otherwise very similar soil, species of Rhynchospora, Eupatorium rotundifolium, Rhexia mat 
Aseyrum stans, Bartonia virginica, Spiraea tomentosa, Ilysanthes gratioloides, Herpestis @ min 
are en In small EEE along streams, diminutive marshes are frequent and 
grasses give e almost entirely to sedges; Rhynchospora inexpansa, R. corniculata, Cy 
pseudovegetus, eve: tortilis, Carex verrucosa, as well as Juncus setaceus, Habenarıa eris 
Trachelospermum difforme (a thin stemmed liana). 
Southward, the pine barren formation becomes more and more 
Predominant element of the vegetation. The drier more open soil ben 
Pinus palustris, the dominant tree, is occupied by Aristida 'stricta, Cie en 
americanum, Linum floridanum, Ludwigia virgata, Hypericum pilosum, 4 
gatum, Rhynchosia tomentosa, Indigofera caroliniana, Zornia verrapkylia, E 
torium pinnatifidum, E. rotundifolium, Solidago petiolaris and species © 
verrucosa, Dichromena leucocephala, Fuirena squarrosa, Hypericum gauoe“ 
Polygala Buch Rhexia, Aster paludosus, Trilisa, Carphephorus, Solidago Pi 
verulenta, 5. pilosa while in still wetter situations occur Lycopodium alı 
roides, PETER blephariglottis, H.cristata, Sarracenia flava and often 8 ci 
of Sphagnum. % 3 
In South Carolina two kinds of pine land may be distinguished': loblolly pine land: 
longleaf pine land. The loblolly pine Pinus Taeda occupies the fresh moist uplands rn : 
s ı) Fe, THomas H.: Report on a botanical Survey of the Dismal Swamp 
405— 
