701 
a 3. Bermudan Region. 
This region comprehends the archipelago of larger and smaller islands 
lying south of the Gulf Stream in the western Atlantic between 32° ı4’ and 
32° 23’ N. latitude and 64° 38’ and 64° 53’ W. longitude, thus being about 
600 miles from the nearest land, Cape Hatteras in North Carolina. This region 
is placed in our classification in the West Indian section because its flora 
shows affınities to that region, but yet the vegetation is distinct enough with 
its thirten endemic species to merit its separation into a Bermudan region 
with such plants as Zrigeron Darrelianus and Carex bermudiana with no 
living American relatives. It is evident from a study of the composition of 
the Bermudan flora, that it is of comparatively recent introduction. Briefly, 
says HEMSLEY’): “it is not of purely West Indian origin, but was derived 
from the West Indies and that region of south-eastern North America where 
the West Indian and North American types of vegetation overlap each other”. 
BRITTON emphasizes the fact that the flora is almost wholly West Indian and 
Floridan. 
There being no running streams, the original flora of Bermuda was essen- 
tially of a xerophytic type. The islands have been settled so long that the 
character of the original vegetation has been altered and we must infer from 
the appearance of the flora at the present what its condition was when the 
Bermudas were first discovered. The following formations according to the 
observations of the writer ?) in June 1905 may be distinguished. 
Marine Algal Formation. The marine algae of Bermuda are mainly those 
which have accustomed themselves to living on a shore composed of limestone 
rocks (reef rocks, or eolian rocks) exposed to the action ofthe surge or which 
live in a limestone, or coral sand in the comparatively placid water of salt 
water lakes, bays, or lagoons. 
According to my observations, the algae of the rocks exposed to the surge 
are Sargassum bacciferum, Halimeda tridens, H. tuna, Avrainvillea nigricans, 
Anadyomene Habellata, Codium tomentosum, Neomeris dumetosus, Ulva lactuca, 
U. latissima, Rhodymenia palmata, Padina pavonia and others. Those of the 
tidal pools formed in the rock hollows are: Padina, Digenea simplex, Aceta- 
Öularia crenulata, Caulerpa crassifolia, C. racemosa var. occidentalis, Ulva etc. 
The sandy bottoms beneath mangrove trees, or in the channels leading {rom 
salt-water sounds, or ponds to the sea are characterized by Halimeda tridens, 
Penicillus capıtatus, Caulerpa cupressoides var. mamillosa, Padina. The salt 
RE 
1) HemsLev, W. B.: Report on the Botany of the Bermudas Challenger Report Botany I: 
14; MoorE, A. H.: List of Plants collected in Bermuda in 1905; 22 pages Cambridge March 12, 
1906; Brırton, N. L.: Bermuda in September Journal New York Botanical Garden VI: 154; 
SMALL, H. B.: Botany of Bermuda, 56 pages. 
