704 Part IV. Chapter 7. 
bellum. Bryophyllum calycinum (the floppers of the natives) is perhaps the most abundant 
plant in the undergrowth. It is found in all parts of the islands. 'The ground beneath the cedars 
is carpeted with the crab grass Stenotaphrum americanum in the absence of other plants. Here 
and there the botanist meets with an introduced tree, which enter into this formation and change 
its constitution, 
Limestone Sinks. The so-called Walsingham Tract and several places near 
Harrington Sound on the south shore are characterized by the presence of 
numerous depressions, or sinks, as well as several caves. The Walsingham 
Tract, a narrow ridge of land about two miles long and from a quarter to 
half a mile wide which separates Castle Harbor from Harrington Sound, con- 
tains within its bounds nearly the whole of the indigenous flora of the islands 
including the rarest trees of the islands, viz., the olive wood Zlaeodendron 
Laneanum, yellow wood Fagara flava and red mulberry, Morus sp. 
re an to my observations, the following trees form a large part of the vegetation of 
of the sinks: Celtis mississippiensis, Citrus limonium, Ficus carica, Musa Cavendishii (= M. 
ar planted), Melia azedarach, Lantana camara, L. odorata, while Stenotaphrum americanum 
abounds and Asplenium trichomanes together with Rhus toxicodendron are found on the u. 
sides of such depressions. Several vines are abundant ne loop eig across the trees, viz. 
Cardiospermum microcarpum, Phaseolus lunatus and Jasminum gracile; Commelina agraria 
0 occurs in such sinks. The cave-like sinks are characterized, ee > the recent obser- 
vations of N. L. BrITTON and STEWARDSON BROWN, by such ferns as Dryopteris (Aspidium) ampla, 
Adiantum bellum, Pteris longifolia, Asplenium muticum, Diplazium laffanianum. 
At Walsingham, Juniperus bermudiana prevails mixed with Sabal Blackburniana, Celtis 
mississippiensis, Citharexylum quadran ophyllum calaba, Adelia segregata, Psychotria 
undata, Trema Lamarckiana, Eugenia ankeete etc., while the trees are festooned with Jasminum 
gracile, Rhus toxicodendron and Ipomoea purpurea. Peperomia septentrionalis (= .magnoliaefolia) 
and several ferns are found on the rough rocks in the bottom of the sinks, together with Bryo- 
phyllum calycinum and one or two species of Lantana. 
Scerub Formation is due to the hand of man. After the cedars are cut down, if the 
land is neglected and allowed to stand without cultivation it is covered by a growth of several 
species of Lantana, presumably Lantana camara and L. involucrata. Bryophyllum calycinum also 
AboundS, ‚together with many introduced weeds and thickets of Nerium oleander. Many of the 
ditions Juniperus bermudiana appears, but the flora is never restored to its original condition, be- 
cause the sage brush plants always form an important constituent of the undergrowth. 
