46 THE REPORT OF THE No. 36 



The pupal cell is constructed well down in the woody tissues of the stem, 

 and the adult comes to the outside by way of a D-shaped hole, quite character- 

 istic of the genus. 



Pupation occurred this year during the last week in May and continued to 

 about the middle of June, the largest number of adults being taken between 

 the 16th and 20th of the month. 



The control is the same as in fuficollis; viz., cut out the gall-infested branches 

 in spring and destroy. 



INSECTS OF THE SEASON IN QUEBEC IN 1922 

 Georges Maheux, Provincial Entomologist, Quebec 



The summer of 1922 has been a heavy season for injurious insects. Except 

 perhaps for the field crops, all other groups of plants have had to suffer from 

 the intrusion of numerous enemies. 



Fruit Trees. Fruit tree insects were at work early, and kept on attacking 

 the various parts of the trees during the whole season. Tent caterpillars were 

 easily three times as numerous as last year. Both species, Malacosoma americana 

 and M. disstria have been recorded from different districts. These pests could 

 hardly be seen in the same orchard ; their distribution was local and rarely coal- 

 esced. In Quebec district the chief offender was outstandingly the Forest Tent 

 Caterpillar, while around Montreal it was the Apple Tent Caterpillar. Large 

 numbers of apple trees were defoliated everywhere where spraying had been 

 omitted or too much delayed. 



Tmetocera ocellana, Cacoecia rosaceana, Aphis mali, Carpocapsa pomonella, 

 Conotrachelus nenuphar were also prominent. From the ordinary list of fruit 

 tree insects the only exception came from the late summer caterpillars; though 

 fairly abundant in some localities, Datana ministra, Schizura concinna, Hemero- 

 campa leucostigma determined by no means serious conditions. 



Vegetables. It was a good season for Leptinotarsa decemlineata, which 

 started its work early and seemed hard to control in many instances, due to 

 too long intervals between two consecutive sprayings. Large losses from cut- 

 worms were experienced by tobacco planters. Maggots in general, cabbage 

 and onion especially, made a good season. Pieris rapce kept last year's good 

 average. Diabrotica vittata, Epitrix cucumeris and sometimes Macrobasis uni- 

 color had to be watched carefully to avoid serious damages. 



Field Crops. An outbreak of grasshoppers, about the same size as last 

 year's, was a serious menace to many oat fields. Damage was cut down to 

 a trifle after a large educational campaign substantiated with field demonstra- 

 tions carried on in every locality interested. Samples of sweet corn sent to the 

 office proved to be severely attacked by Heliothis obsoleta, but this was not general, 

 although this pest seems to be on the increase and may prove troublesome next 

 year in the Montreal district. 



Small Fruits. Strawberries were affected by white grubs and Ancylis 

 comptana, a leaf roller ; no damage to blossoms and fruits were reported. Currants 

 and gooseberries again suffered from Pteronus ribesii, that is in gardens where 

 the use of arsenical is not a matter of regular practice. 



Shade Trees. Our records show nothing worth mentioning as insect 

 pests; on the contrary, diseases were very important and their injuries very 

 conspicuous on maples especially. 



We look on 1923 as a very favourable season for Tent caterpillars and 

 grasshoppers particularly. 



