66 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



hills: P. podalirius, one specimen; L.sinapis; P.egeria; P.megcera; 

 M. galatea ; E. cethiops, freshly emerged and in large numbers; S. 

 semele; E.janira; S. briseis, a fine large species of the Satyridse ; 

 A. paphia; Lyccena hylas, a member of the "blue" family very 

 prettily marked on the underside. Several specimens of C. hera were 

 found sitting on hazel, and I also noticed E. atomaria, C. clathrata 

 and P. coracina. On August 15th we had a day's partridge shooting 

 in the plains south-east of Vienna, over open fields of grass and 

 maize, intersected here and there by streams lined with scrub and 

 small woods. The weather was sunny and very hot, and the 

 following were noticed : P. daplidice, freshly emerged and in large 

 numbers ; Golias hyale, very plentiful, including variations in marking 

 and colouring ; C. edusa ; C. chrysotheme ; C. myrmidone, all plen- 

 tiful. I took one specimen of the pale female variety of the latter, 

 which much resembles var. helice of edusa, and is far from common 

 in Austria ; L. sinapis, including several entirely devoid of the black 

 tip to the fore wing; S. briseis; S. hermione; A. lathonia; A. diet, in 

 large numbers, freshly emerged ; M. athalia; P. cardui; L. bellargus; 

 very plentiful, including several of the female bright blue variety 

 ceronus ; L. corydon ; C. minima; Ey c ana argiades ; A. comma; M. 

 stellatarum ; S. convolvuli ; A. similata. On several evenings during 

 August I noticed the following in the Prater (the Bois-de-Boulogne 

 of Vienna) : A. lathonia ; G. minimus; Lyccena argiades ; P. c- album. 

 On September 4th, during a day's stag shooting in the mountains of 

 Lower Austria, E. athiops was found in considerable numbers up to 

 a height of about 3000 feet. September 12th, a sunny morning, 

 was spent in some large woods, well known to local collectors, north 

 of the Danube. The woods largely consist of oaks and open occa- 

 sionally into marshy meadows. The following were seen : Araschnia 

 prorsa, the dark summer form of A. lev ana ; V. io ; V. urticce ; P. 

 c- album ; P. atalanta ; A. paphia; A. lathonia; L. argiades (plen- 

 tiful) ; G. virgaurece. On September 19th and 26th, in the same 

 district and in hot weather, many of the same species were found as 

 on the 12th, and in addition P. machaon, G. chrysotheme and G. 

 rhamni, the latter newly emerged. V. io was in very large numbers. 

 The following varieties of L. icarus were also taken: arena; 

 amethystina ; ccerulea. The usual colour of the female in Austria is 

 dark brown with practically no blue scales on the upper side. These 

 same woods in July are celebrated hunting-grounds for the Apaturias. 

 A. iris can be taken in numbers ; a friend of mine last summer had 

 three in his net at one time. The bandless variety iole is by no 

 means unknown here. A. ilia and its reddish variety clytie are also 

 to be had, and that wonderfully handsome insect Eimenitis populi is 

 comparatively common. The end of September practically ended 

 the butterfly season, and one would have to travel far indeed to find 

 a greater variety of insects, plants and flowers, amid such charming 

 and varied surroundings within half an hour's journey of a large 

 capital city, as in the Vienna neighbourhood. Two insects left a 

 particular impression on one's mind — A. lathonia on account of its 

 habit of skimming low along cart tracks at the edge of woods and of 

 settling in the ruts, and- P. c-album on account of its tameness. The 

 green colour of a net seems to attract it, and I have several times 

 known it to settle on the net, It will persist in flying round and 



