138 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



fresh females ; more unicolorous grey on the underside of the hind 

 wings, and more fulvous on the upperside of the fore wings along 

 the submarginal band than Constantinople specimens ; considered by 

 Major P. P. Graves to be a race local to Ehodes, the specimens from 

 Samos approximating to Constantinople specimens. S., common. 

 S. briseis, G.,. males common and in very good condition; females 

 just emerging, two taken. S. semele, S., common. Epinephele 

 lupinus, G., plentiful along the dried-up water-courses, keeping to the 

 shade; A. E. jurtina, G., A. E. telmessia, R., S., males few in 

 number and very worn ; the females common and in good condition ; 

 the apical eye on all females examined, except one, was bipupillated 

 both above and below. Melanargia larissa, G., absolutely swarming 

 everywhere, especially amongst patches of Scabious ; by far the 

 commonest butterfly on Gallipoli, where insects of all descriptions 

 were very plentiful ; formed about 70 per cent, of the butterflies seen. 

 Thecla ilicis, S., G. Heodes thersamon, R., one female. H. phlaeas, 

 R., S., G. Lampicles baeticus, "Si., common ; S., one female. Tarucus 

 telicanus, S., several seen. Polyommatus argus, G., very worn. 

 P." zephyrus, G., two males and three females. P. bavins, G., two 

 females, somewhat worn. P. astrarche, S., G." P. icarus, R., G., A. 

 P. amandus, G., one male, worn. P. thersites, R., several taken in 

 fairly good condition. P. argiolus, S., G. Carcharodus alcaeae, R., G. 

 G. orientalis, G. Hesperia sidae, G., one female in fair condition. 

 H. orbifer, A., one fresh female. Adopaea actaeon, R., G. A. thaumas 

 (flava), G., common. A. liyrax, S., one worn male. Augiades 

 sylvanus, G. Gegenes nostrodamus, G., common in one small area. 



The dates for the above captures or observations are as follows : 

 Ehodes, June 5th and 6th, 1921; Samos, June 8th, 1921; Gallipoli, 

 June 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th, 1921; Afisia,' June 16th, 1921.— 

 E. B. C. Betts; Observer Officer, E.A.F. 



Attractiveness of Light for Moths. — The notes under this 

 heading in the last two issues of the ' Entomologist ' open up a most 

 interesting question. Many old lepidopterists must have noticed, as 

 I have done, that even the old-fashioned oil-lamps were not all 

 equally attractive, or equally attractive on all nights. Sometimes 

 every moth appears to " come to light," while perhaps on the follow- 

 ing night, though equal numbers may be upon the wing, compara- 

 tively few will be taken. With street lamps my experience has not 

 been very extensive, but when motor cars first came in I used to find 

 the lights they carried (or some of them at any rate) very attractive ; 

 nowadays one seldom sees insects fluttering round the dazzling 

 head-lights. To turn to another aspect of the question, there seems 

 no reason to doubt that the antennae of certain insects (midges as 

 well as moths) may play a part as emitters and receivers of sound- 

 waves, but that any such "calls" could originate from a lamp I 

 should think extremely doubtful. In any case, like would surely 

 only call to like. The same call would not bring up the other species, 

 nor the crowd of other moths, beetles, flies, and even other creatures, 

 commonly attracted to one and the same lamp. It would surely 

 follow that it is the light only which attracts, and it would be very 

 interesting if somebody could demonstrate why one form of light is 

 more attractive than others, or if some light-rays are actually repel- 



