244 "^^^^^^P Transactions — Zoology, 



Myodora ovata in the Philippines and Australia, Mytilus smaragdinus anc 

 Anomia cytceum in China ; while we also have a small Cyprcea which appears 

 to me to differ from C. punctata, from the Philippines, only in the absence of 

 red spots. Bankivia varians is found in South Africa and Tasmania. Our 

 common pipi {Chione stutchhuryi) is found in Kerguelen Land, while Ranella 

 vexillum, which is also found in Tasmania, is closely allied to Ji. argus from 

 the Cape of Good Hoj)e, and to R. proditor from St. Paul Island. The genera 

 JPhorus, Rotella, and Calyptrma are found in the Philippine Islands and China, 

 but not in Australia. The genus Lyonsia, of which we possess one species, 

 extends from Europe and India to the Philippine Islands and Borneo, and is 

 also found in Peru and the West Indies. A few of our shells are almost 

 cosmopolitan, as Lucina divaricata, Saxicava arctica, Crypta unguiformis, and 

 Lima squamosa ; while Nucula margaritacea inhabits Europe. Dosinia suh- 

 roseais said to have been found in the Persian G-ulf, and the genus Solemya 

 is found only in Australia and the Mediterranean. While, therefore, our 

 marine shells show a decided affinity to Australia, they also show a slight 

 connection with South Africa, Kerguelen Land, St. Paul's, and South America, 

 and point more decidedly to a connection with the Philippine Islands and China. 

 Of land and fresh-water shells, including the marine air-breathers, we 

 possess 114 species, of which 97 are not found elsewhere. These show many 

 striking and important facts in distribution. Three only, Helix suhrugata, 

 H. sydneyensis, and H. rapida are found in Australia, and of these the 

 second is so like H. cellaria, of Europe, that it has only lately been 

 distinguished from it by Dr. Cox, and is also closely allied to H. glaherrima 

 from the Solomon Islands. Helix rapida is also found at Erromanga, one 

 of the New Plebrides. Helix coniformis'^ inhabits the Louisade Islands, 

 H. radiaria the Solomon Islands, and H. mtrea the Admiralty Islands. 

 Cassidula mustelina is found at Singapore and Pulo-penang, and Amphihola 

 avellana in New Caledonia. But the distributioa of some of the genera is 

 more important even than that of the species. Nanina spreads from India to 

 China, the Philippines, Indian Archipelago, and Polynesia, and is also found 

 in Madagascar and the Mauritius, but not in Australia. Amphihola extends 

 over Australia and Polynesia to Burmah. Lymncea extends from Europe to 

 India, China and Java, and is also found in North America but not in 

 Australia. Assiininea is found in England, India, Celebes, Molucca Islands, 

 and the Navigator and Friendly Islands, but not in Australia. The family 

 AncylincB, or fresh-water limpets, of which we possess two species, is found 



* I am indebted to His Honour T. B. Gillies for the information that H. conifor7nis, 

 H: radiaria, H. subrugata, and H. vitrea inhabit New Zealand. Mr. Gillies collected 

 the specimens in the northern portion of the province of Auckland, and they were 

 determined by Prof. Macalister, of Trinity College, Dublin. 



