July 12, 1893.] 



Garden and Forest. 



293 



tree twenty to twenty-five feet in height, with a short stout 

 trunk, terete brown branchlets and conspicuous winter- 

 buds covered with imbricated chestnut-brown scales. The 

 leaves appear with the flowers and are broadly ovate, pal- 

 mately three-nerved, mostly three-lobed at the apex, three 

 or four inches long and broad, thick and firm, lustrous 

 above, pale and often puberulous on the veins below. In 

 the autumn, before falling, they turn to a beautiful clear 

 yellow color, and make a handsome contrast with the shin- 

 ing black fruit, which is borne on hairy stalks in few-fruited 

 axillary clusters, produced on short spur-like lateral branch- 

 lets of the previous year. This handsome plant, although 

 it grows to its largest size in central Hondo at four or five 

 thousand feet above the sea, does not, so far as we have 

 observed, range north of the Nikko Mountains, and, there- 

 fore, does not reach Yezo, where only Lindera sericea is 

 found. This is a small slender shrubby species, with pre- 

 cocious flowers, oval, entire, pointed leaves, silky-canescent 

 at first, and at maturity dark green on the upper and pale 

 on the lower surface, and small black fruit. 



The other species of Lindera, which may possibly prove 

 hardy in our northern gardens, are Lindera triloba and 

 Lindera prsecox. The first is a common plant in Hondo, 

 where it does not, however, ascend to the heights reached 

 by Lindera obtusiloba, which is a more northern and a 

 hardier plant. Lindera triloba often grows to the height of 

 twenty feet and produces trunks six inches in diameter, 

 from which spring numerous slender divergent branchlets 

 well clothed with leaves. These appear with the flowers 

 and are elliptical or oblong, wedge-shaped at the base and 

 divided at the apex into three acute lobes, separated by 

 deep broad sinuses rounded at the bottom ; they are three- 

 nerved, membranaceous, and light green above, pale and 

 covered below on the ribs with rufous pubescence, three or 

 four inches long, two or three inches broad, and are borne 

 on slender petioles. The fruit is half an inch in diameter 

 and is produced in few-fruited umbels on short stout club- 

 shaped stalks. 



Lindera prsecox, likeour American species, flowers before 

 the leaves appear ; it is a bushy tree fifteen to twenty feet 

 in height, with stout divergent light brown branches, and 

 is conspicuous in midsummer from the large size of the 

 flower-buds, which are already fully grown, and which 

 probably open during the winter or in earliest spring. The 

 leaves are ovate, long-pointed, rather thin, dark green 

 above, pale and often pubescent below, two or three 

 inches long, with long slender stalks. The fruit, which is 

 nearly an inch in diameter, is reddish brown and marked 

 with many small white dots ; the flesh is thin, papery and 

 very brittle. Lindera prsecox is common in the Hakone 

 Mountains ; we found it near Agamat-su, on the Naga- 

 sendo, and Mr. Veitch collected it on Mount Chokai-zan, 

 on the north-west coast of Hondo. If it inhabits the Nikko 

 Mountains we missed it there, and on Hakkoda, near 

 Aomori, where Lindera sericea was the only species seen. 



The other Japanese Lindera, L. glauca, is a southern 

 black-fruited species with precocious flowers, with the 

 habit and general appearance of Lindera sericea, from 

 which it differs in its larger leaves and more rigid branches. 



Of Elseagnus, the only representative of its family in 

 Japan, we only saw growing naturally Elseagnus umbel- 

 lata, a variable plant in the size and shape of its leaves and 

 fruit, and one of the commonest shrubs in Japan from the 

 level of the sea to elevations of 5,000 feet. In the moun- 

 tainous regions and at the north it is often planted near 

 houses for the sake of its small acid fruit ; and in cultiva- 

 tion not infrequently rises to the size and dignity of a 

 small tree. Eloeagnus umbellata is now well established 

 in our gardens, where it flowers and fruits as freely as it 

 does in Japan. 



The now well-known Eloeagnus longipes was often seen 

 in gardens, especially among the mountains and in Yezo, 

 but we did not notice it growing wild. In old age it some- 

 times attains the height of twenty or twenty-five feet and 

 forms a stout straight trunk a foot in diameter. Such a 



plant, evidently of great age, may be seen in the Botanic 

 Garden at Tokyo. 



The beautiful Elseagnus pungens, with its long wand-like 

 stems, now a familiar object in several varieties in the 

 gardens of southern Europe, was seen in the temple- 

 grounds at Nara and by the road-side near Kyoto, where it 

 appeared to be an escape from cultivation rather than an 

 indigenous plant. Of the other reputed Japanese species 

 we could hear nothing-. C. S. S. 



A Glorified Park. 



JACKSON PARK will live in the memory of those who have 

 had the good fortune to see the World's Fair, as a creation 

 as enchanting as the vision in Coleridge's broken dream. That 

 all this magical splendor should have been evolved from 

 a swamp with sparsely wooded shores proves that America 

 possesses at least one pre-eminent creative imagination, while 

 the sorrowful knowledge that this realization of an artist's dream 

 is not a permanent possession, but simply food for memory, 

 adds intensity to the impression and stimulates the mind to 

 grasp such general effects as will not fade from the recollec- 

 tion. It is a mistake, therefore, in a week's visit, which is all 

 that is allowed to most of us, to attempt too much detail ; for 

 this is really to waste one's opportunity. The outdoor charm 

 of moving life, of glittering water, of stately architecture, of 

 pleasant gardens, is what one should seek to seize and hold as 

 an enduring memory, and it is this which is to produce upon 

 our people the most important effect. To the active and eager 

 minds of the great west this revelation of beauty means a 

 bound from the real to the ideal, and no one can estimate the 

 results which may come to the country in its artistic develop- 

 ment through the influence which such a scene must exercise 

 upon young and impressible natures, with the limitless re- 

 sources of America behind them. The tremendous effect of 

 the Columbian Exposition is produced, after all, by the sense 

 of native wealth and strength and boundlesspower in all direc- 

 tions which it reveals. First and last, and all the time, there is 

 present in our minds a certain passionate joy that in these 

 United States such a thing is possible, and that out of the 

 strong has come forth such sweetness. That our material re- 

 sources are immense we knew, but here they are marshaled 

 in a way which none deemed possible, and subordinated to a 

 central idea of imposing beauty. There are details which are 

 not artistically perfect, but he who would cavil at blemishes in 

 such a panorama must be querulous indeed. 



Though our lodging was hard by the gates of the Fair, a 

 wise friend bade us approach it first by water, for the sake of 

 the general effect, so turning our backs upon the shining 

 domes we whirled to the Van Buren Street pier and embarked 

 upon a little steamer which was to take us in forty minutes 

 down Lake Michigan to the White City. As we put off upon 

 the dancing waters, the color of which is superb — a splendid 

 green mottled with purple, like the Mediterranean Sea — the 

 long stretch of the city of Chicago formed an imposing pic- 

 ture. Beautiful in the haze which softened their stiff outlines, 

 the tall, twenty-storied buildings rose like towers. For fifteen 

 miles along the lake stretch the buildings of this magical town, 

 which fifty years ago was but a house in a swamp. This is 

 the way to gain an idea of the extent and importance of the 

 Lake City, and it is a fitting introduction to the Fair, whose 

 roots it feeds with wealth and enterprise and generosity. One 

 who sees that city on its great, fresh, inland sea, has an assured 

 conviction that no eastern town could have aftbrded such an 

 opportunity for the Exposition, and that here in the heart of 

 our country, easily accessible to the boundless west, which 

 most needs its lessons, should this Fair have been held. 



As the spires of Chicago grow small in the distance the 

 White City's outlines become more distinct, and the level line 

 of the Peristyle, backed by domes and towers, concentrates our 

 attention. Very impressive is this array of buildings and col- 

 umns from the lake, and the moment of our approach is full 

 of excitement. Here is the true entrance-gate. The long line of 

 columns surmounted by plumed Indian figures, alternating 

 with graceful maidens, is imposing, and everything prepares 

 for the coming effect. It is a great moment. The mind and 

 heart swell with patriotic pride as might have done those of a 

 Roman at the sight of the Forum, or an Athenian when he 

 climbed the steps of the Acropolis. It is our people who have 

 done this, and we, too, have a right to artistic glory, for here 

 the New World has achieved classical beauty. The site of 

 this water court, with the buildings on either hand, the broad 

 steps leading down into the canal, the dome of the Adminis- 

 tration Building at the further end, the flitting launches and gon- 



