June 18, 1890.] 



Garden and Forest. 



297 



was sent out by Professor Turner, the enthusiastic Indiana 

 scholar. It was, and is yet, the best early berry ; but if not 

 closely cultivated, to prevent suckering, it is worse than use- 

 less. It is curious to contrast the superb berries and large 

 crops on a row sharply hoed into hills and a row allowed to 

 have its own way ; on the latter you will get next to no fruit 

 at all. I still believe in planting a moderate number of stools 

 of these two sorts. The very best berry I ever tasted as well 

 as finest to the eye, was the Pride of the Hudson, sent out by 

 the late E. P. Roe ; but it will not stand well in dry spots and 

 is quite freaky every way. I plant a few yet for home use, 

 but must select a half shaded, moist spot. Mr. Roe quickly 

 refused to sell more of them. 



Of purples, the first really good one was New Rochelle; and 

 I advise any one to plant it yet for canning. The berry is not 

 so large as Schaffers, but it is fine in flavor and enormously 

 productive. The bush grows much like the black sorts, and it 



Crimson Beauty are to be classed among the failures. 

 Rancocas is not much better. 



Of blacks I have very warm commendations yet for Davi- 

 son's Thornless. This is a very early berry and good in 

 quality. Its size is only medium and its bearing qualities not 

 extraordinary; but it is thornless. I have seedlings from this 

 sort that are some improvement on the parent. I suggest a 

 good deal of effort to get seedlings from this stock until we 

 get really the best. To get rid of the thorns in any branch of 

 the Rose family is a matter of great importance. They are not 

 needed under culture. We have discarded them from our 

 Apples and Pears; we must also have thornless Raspberries. 



Souhegan and Tyler are nearly alike and truly admirable. 

 Gregg for late was a noble berry, but too tender. At present 

 I plant, besides Davison, Palmer for early, Hilborn and Ada 

 for later. I have very high expectations of Palmer, but have 

 not much personal experience with it. 



Fig. 42. — Symphoi'icarpos occidentalis. — See page 296. 



roots at the tip. Schaffers kills back somewhat, but I always 

 get good crops of large fruit. Where it does well it is a mag- 

 nificent acquisition. These two purples far surpass the reds 

 for canning, giving a superior flavor and more body. 



Of the yellow varieties nothing was better than Brinckles 

 Orange until Caroline was sent out. I am not so highly pleased 

 with Golden Queen as some have expressed themselves ; but 

 it is a fine berry. For a near market the first is the best. It has 

 no keeping quality. The value of yellow berries is mainly to 

 secure something handsome by way of contrast with the red 

 ones. For market, it is well to have one crate of yellow to 

 ten of the reds and one or two of the purples. 



We may wisely, I think, hold Cuthbert to be the main-stock 

 red berry, adding Turner for early; for yellows planting 

 mostly Golden Queen; and for purples New Rochelle and 

 Schaffers. I have several other sorts on trial that may prove 

 of high value. Marlboro is not a berry of high quality, 

 but it may be advisable to plant it for early. Hansell and 



For a small home garden select Turner and Cuthbert, 

 Golden Queen, Schaffer, Davison and Palmer, and Hilborn. 



The matter of culture is most important. Plant in the rows 

 as close as you can; but keep your rows more than wide 

 enough to cultivate with a horse. Set stakes every twenty 

 feet and run one wire about four feet high. Tie the canes in 

 bunches of two to four to the wires, with coarse hop twine. 

 Tie tightly. Cut the canes back to six or seven feet. With 

 wires you can grow them to that height safely and profitably. 

 It is not an expensive plan, and the result is enormous crops. 

 The high culture also prevents the need of cultivating the soil 

 except in early spring. 



Mulching is always good for everything, from Strawberries 

 to Apple-trees; but the Raspberry likes a cool soil and an even 

 temperature. The secret of success is mulching and wiring. 

 But high culture so shades the soil as to prevent drying in or- 

 dinary seasons. The best mulch is sawdust. 



I have a plan for growing red Raspberries in stools between 



