December 17, 1890.] 



Garden and Forest. 



611 



or this reason it is best where the space devoted to Rose- 

 growing is limited to limit likewise the number of varieties 

 grown, "for it is certainly better to grow two varieties well than 

 to attempt to grow a dozen sorts in one small house and then 

 fail with eleven of them. For example, Papa Gontier and 

 American Beauty are seldom seen equally healthy in the 

 same house, for the reason that while the former enjoys a 

 night temperature of fifty to fifty-two degrees the latter is sel- 

 dom seen at its best unless grown at fifty-eight to sixty. W. F. 

 Bennett also seems to enjoy a moderately high temperature, 

 and strange as it may seem in the case of a Hybrid Tea, still 

 it is true that some of the best plants of this variety have been 

 grown quite wet at the root. This rule as to moisture, how- 

 ever, may not be infallible, as the behavior of this variety 

 varies considerably in different soils. 



Among the earliest hybrid Roses to be seen this season are 

 fair blooms of Mrs. John Laing, some of these having been in 

 the market for two or three weeks past. Apparently this fine 

 variety has only been distanced in earliness by the new pink 



so well in South Carolina that some of our northern nursery- 

 men take this means of supplying their stock. That is, they 

 consideran establishment in the south for raising such varieties 

 preferable to importing them from Europe. This system 

 possesses the additional advantage that the home-grown stock 

 is all on its own roots, whereas the imported Roses are 

 almost invariably budded or grafted. 



The use of wood ashes as a fertilizer in Rose-houses is again 

 strongly advocated by some growers, and, while these are un- 

 doubtedly of value, yet it will not do to depend on them en- 

 tirely. Wood ashes will certainly not encourage the spread of 

 Fungus through a bed as an over-application of barn-yard 

 manure will, and in a comparative test of two parallel beds of 

 the same variety, in one of which the fertilizer was ground 

 bone and in the other wood ashes, the evidence at the time I 

 saw them, about October 15th, was in favor of the ashes ; but, 

 of course, it was too early in the season to accept this evidence 

 as final. _ 



Holmesburg, Pa. W. H. I apt III. 









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A California White Oak (Quvrcus lobata). — See page 606. 



hybrid shown by Mr. Julius Roehrs at the late Chrysanthemum 

 Show in Philadelphia and at some other exhibitions. This 

 latest candidate for honors as a forcing variety has thus far 

 been shown without a name, and consequently has been claimed 

 by some Rose-wise persons to be merely an old variety re- 

 introduced, while o'thers are equally positive that it is really 

 new. Be this as it may, the flowers shown were of good 

 color, size and substance, and the introducer deserves credit 

 for making its good qualities known whether it be new or old. 



The new Polyantha Rose, Clothilde Soupert, to which some 

 reference has already been made in these columns, has created 

 a good impression during the past summer, its charming little 

 flowers being so freely produced that it will doubtless be largely 

 planted next season. These miniature Roses have become 

 very popular of late years for bedding out, and with good 

 reason, too, for they are seldom out of bloom. 



Wootton as an out-door Rose in this locality did not prove a 

 success, but for forcing it is again on trial to a considerable 

 extent, and as its needs are better understood it will probably 

 pay for the experiment. Possibly this variety may do better 

 out-doors in a more southern latitude, as several of the Hybrid 

 Teas that cannot be grown to advantage here are now erown 



The Calochortus in Cultivation. 



IN my experience here the various species of Calochortus 

 are hardy out-of-door plants. But eastern growers who 

 use them for forcing purposes may perhaps gain some hints 

 as to their cultivation by some statement of the conditions 

 which here secure the best growth. In England they are hardy, 

 and I believe that Messrs. Gillett & Horsford, of Southwick, 

 Massachusetts, treat them as half hardy. I am inclined to 

 believe that many species would prove half hardy in the 

 east. C. Nuttallii, usually known as C. Gunnisoni, the true 

 C. Gunnisoni, C. macrocarpus, C. aureus, C. lugens and C. 

 flexuosus are natives of the Great Basin, and are occasionally 

 subject to as low a temperature as twenty degrees below zero. 

 It is a dry cold, and the bulbs are in loose sand from four to 

 six inches deep. I have dug C.Leichtlinii in the Sierra Nevada 

 at an altitude of 9,000 feet and a few hundred yards from snow 

 banks that did not melt that season. 



A snow-fall of a few feet is common where C. nudus, C. cle- 

 gans and the Oregon species grow. Here on die coast range 

 of northern California fourteen degrees above zero is the se- 

 verest temperature experienced, and in it the leaves of 



