Arthur. — Notes on some Specimefis of migratory Salmonid£e. 177 



Its design therefore seems rather to indicate the prevention than the in- 

 fliction of injuries. Its alleged enlargement during the spawning season, 

 must be the result of a sympathetic action due to the peculiar condition of 

 the male at that period.* 



The salar, in common with the sea-trout and brown trout, is not found 

 native in any waters in the southern hemisphere. Also, it is not met with 

 further south than 40° to 42° of north latitude. 



Then among sea-trout, we have of species S. triitta, 8. eriox, 8. cambri- 

 cus (Sewin), 8. galivensis, and so on, almost every British river having a 

 variety or varieties peculiar to itself of one or more of these species. 

 Their local names too are very numerous and equally perplexing. I knew 

 a river in Argyllshh-e, the Edchaig, which enters the Holy Loch near Kil- 

 mun, and which during the month of June has a run of very fine 8. trutta. 

 These fish vary individually in weight from l^lbsto5 or 6 lbs. Clear, 

 silvery and fat, they are splendid fish for sport or for the table. Later on 

 in August and September a smaller variety of 8. trutta runs up this river, 

 known locally as " blaoknebs" from the dark colour of the head, these also 

 are very excellent fish ; while a few bull trout, or 8. eriox, find their way 

 up towards the end of the season. These different runs of fish all go 

 locally under the designation of sea-trout. I might also mention Loch 

 Lomond and its tributaries as being frequented by varieties of this species ; 

 for the streams flowing into the loch on the west side contain from June to 

 the end of winter a variety of sea-trout between 8. trutta and 8. eriox; 

 while the Endrick water, on the east side, has a breed closely resembling 

 the true 8. trutta, but which do not run up till August and September, 

 during which latter month a number of salmon and grilse also go up to 

 spawn. All these sea-trout he in Loch Lomond for a time, and never 

 ascend the streams which they prefer till a freshet or " spate" has come 

 down. 



So also with S.fario, the common trout. In the same water as above, 

 Loch Lomond, I have recognized at least six different varieties. There are 

 for instance the dark, almost black coloured, the brown, the golden and the 

 silvery. Some are distinguished by having very large but very few spots ; 

 others by an ordinary number of black and red spots ; a third variety by 

 crowded round black spots and a few red ones ; while the silvery kind has 

 numerous black but no red spots. In Endrick water there are at least two 



* Since writing the above I have seen a letter in "Forest and Stream," for July, 

 1880, by Professor Hind, of Nova Scotia, wherein for the first time the fact is disclosed 

 that the male salmon breaks the hymen, or membrane enclosing the ova, by seizing the 

 female behind the pectoral fins between his two jaws, when she rolls on to her side. May 

 not the milt also be liberated through the males fighting ? — W. A. 



28 



