54 EINAR LÖNNBERG, STUDIES ON RUMINANTS. 



The opening of tuha eustachii is in the gnu like that of the rauskox, sheep and 

 other Cavicornio. 



Septum memhranaceum of the posterior nasal cavity is well developed in the gnu 

 and measured in the specimen at hand about 3V2 cm. in height anteriorly. The animal 

 in question differs in this respect from the common ox and the muskox, but resembles 

 the sheep to a certain degree. This characteristic seems however to be of little itn- 

 portance. 



At the base of the nasal septum, but a little above the palate, is found a cartilagenous 

 tube in which Jacobson's organ is included. Its diameter is about 4 mm. 



The larynx of the gnu is small. In the specimen at hand it measures, taken as a 

 whole, about 67 mm. in length and its vertical dorsiventral diameter is about 47 mm. 

 Cartilago tliyreoidea especially is very short only 37 mm. in length and pomum adami 

 is situated about 1 cm. from the posterior börder. Cornua superiora are exceedingly 

 short only protruding a few millimetres above the margin. Their direction seems to be 

 a forward one. Cornua posteriora are not quite 2V2 cm. in length, not much arcuate. 

 The posterior extension of cartilago cricoidea nearly equals the length of cartilago 

 thyreoidea measuring 42 mm. in length. Anteriorly this cartilage has a rather strongly 

 prominent heel on its dorsal surface. — From this description may be concluded that 

 the larynx of the gnu is quite different from that of the muskox nearly in every respect. ^ 

 With regard to the shortness of the anterior horns it also differs from the common ox, 

 goat, sheep, Saiga (Murie 1. c). From the latter it also differs considerably with regard 

 to the general shape. 



The epiglottis of the gnu is quite broadly rounded at the apex. It does not 

 therefore make the same triangulär impression as the same organ of Bos, Capra, Ovis etc. 



The tracheal rings are thinner behind. Their ends are rounded, and raeet dorsally 

 so as to form an edge in the same way as in the common ox. In this respect the gnu 

 differs from the muskox (Lönnberg 1. c.) and Saiga (Mukie 1. c.). 



■■'''■ The lungs are divided in the same lobes as in the common ox. The lobulation is 

 not pronounced. 



Glandula thyreoidea of the gnu consists of two distinct portions situated along 

 the dorsi-lateral side of the trachea close to oesophagus. They do not reach so far forward 

 as to touch cartilago cricoidea. They are elongate in shape, measuring about 5 cm. in 

 length 20 — 23 (anteriorly) mm. in breadth and 13 mm. in thickness. Their mesial side 

 is flat, the outer one strongly convex. There is no trace of an isthmus between them. 

 In this respect they differ from the same organs of the ox and resemble those of the 

 sheep. 



As is stated above the specimen investigated was a young cow which bad not had 

 any pnrtus. 



The ovaries are somewhat irregularly beanshaped and raeasure about 22 mm. in 

 length, 13 — 15 mm. in breadth and 8 — 9 mm. in thickness. They are thus small. They 

 are closely connected with cornua uteri, ligamentum ovarii being short, not much more 



^) Conf. LÖNNBERG 1. c. p. 157 och 58, fig. 10, for further particulars. 



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