22 GRIESBACH : RAMKOLA AND TATAPANI COAL-FIELDS. 



The most considerable patch of Mahadevas of my area is the large 



plateau of nearly square outline^ in a denuded bay of 

 Eamkola plateau. 



which is situated the village of Ramkola. It 



presents a steep precipitous escarpment (fig. 1, p. 20) towards the south, 



with a more or less level surface, covered by jungle, traversed and 



denuded by numerous perennial streams. It is 



nearly surrounded by copious outbursts of trap, 



which appears on the surface both as huge dykes of many miles length, 



and on the south-eastern and eastern face of the escarpment as great 



intrusive sheets, spreading for miles over the lower rocks. In fig. .1, 



pi. VI, I have given the profile of the eastern escarpment of the Ramkola 



plateau, in which the Mahadevas (1) are seen to slope to the north-west, 



with the trap (2) forming the intrusive sheet beneath the strata of the 



sandstone. 



The beds of the Mahadeva plateau, fig. 1, Plate VI, slope gently 



towards the north-west, excepting near the bounding fault, which extends 



from near Turpa (Rer river) towards the east, accompanied and flanked 



by parallel trap dykes (see fig. 3, pi. VI), where the dip increases 



considerably, and in one or two minor instances approaches the vertical. 



But this north-western corner of my Mahadeva area (see fig. 2, pi. V) 



is noteworthy for the fact that there I found a few 

 Fossils. 



traces of fossils. In a dark reddish-brown earthy 



shale between beds of Mahadeva grits, north of Khond, I found a few 



traces of plants, which Dr. Feistmantel determines as : 



Alethopteris, spec. 

 Glossopteris ? * 



As shown in the last-mentioned section, the Mahadevas are thrown 

 directly against the metamorphics, south of Turpa, the strata being raised 

 up to about 45° to 50° south. A few miles to the south, however, the 

 bedding becomes quite normal — almost horizontal — and is penetrated by 

 several trap dykes running more or less in an east-west direction. South 



^ For the naming o£ my specimens, as well as for the forthcoming description of a few- 

 new species of fossil plants from this coal-fieldj I am indebted to Dr. 0. Feistmantel. 



( 150 ) 



