Order ANSEEES.j • 



[Fam. LkMBM. 



LAEUS DOMINICANUS. 



(SOUTHERN BLACK-BACKED GULL.) 



Larus dominicanus^ Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 82 (1823). 



Larus littoreus^ Forster, Descr. Anim. p. 46 (1844). 



Lams anti;podtiS^ Gray, Cat. Anseres^ Brit. Mus. p. 169 (1844) 



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Dominicantts antipodiis^ Bruch, J. f. O. 1853, p. 100. 

 Clupeilarus antipodum^ Bonap. C E. xlii. p. 770 (1856). 

 Larus vocifents^ Burm. Syst. Uebers. Th. Bras. p. 448 (1856). 



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Domhricanus azarw, Bonap. Consp. Gen. Av. ii. p. 214 (1857) 



Lestris anfarcticus, Ellman, ZooL 1861, p. 7472. 



Lestris fuscus, Ellman, ZooL 1861, p. 7472. 



Ljarits antipodiim, Gray, Ibis, 1862, p. 248. 



Jjarits pacijicits^ Layard, Ibis, 1863, p. 245. 



Ljarus azarm^ Pelz. Reise Nov. p. 151 (1865). 



Native names. 

 Karoro ; the young bird distinguished as Ngoiro. 



Ad. capite toto cum coUo undique et corpore subtus toto albis : interscapuHo, scapularibus cum dorso summo et' 



tectricibus alarum cinereo-nigricantibus : remigibus nigris^ late albo terminatis, secundariis latissime, 

 primario prime fascia subterminali alba notato : dorso postico, uropygio, supracaudalibus et cauda tota 

 j)ure albis : subalaribus cum axillaribus et secundariis intiis albis : rostro citrino^ mandibula macula 

 pra^apicali sanguinca iiotata : pedibus viridi-flavicantibus vix srrisescentibus : iride arffenteo-alba. 



Juv. supra brunneuSj dorsi plumis late albido marginatis^ dorso postico et uropygio albis brunneo irregulariter 



notatis et fasciatis : capite et collo postico brunneis albido striolatis : tectricibus alarum brunncis palli- 

 dius marginatis^ medianis et majoribus albido terminatis : remigibus nigricanti-brunneis, secundariis 

 pallidioribus_, internis pallidiore brunneo marmoratis et albido terminatis : subtus albicans^ ubique 

 l)runneo maculatus aut semifasciatus : rostro cinerascenti-brunnco, versus basin mandibulse pallidiore, 

 ad apicem corneo : pedibus saturate brunneis. 



Pull, ubique saturate cinerascenti-brunneus, pileo nigricante marmorato : dorso obscuro brunneo notato : rostro 



nigro : pedibus plumbeis : iride nigra. 



Adult. General plumage pure white; back and upper surface of wings slaty black; the secondaries' and 

 scapulars crossed by a broad terminal bar of white ; the primaries black, the first with a broad irregular 

 bar across both webs, and beyond it a small terminal spot of white; the rest are largely tipped with 

 white, and on the inner web of some of them there is likewise a semilunate mark of greyish white. 

 Irides silvery grey ; bill bright lemon -yellow, changing to red on the prominence of the lower mandible ; 



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