I 



'^^. 



THE BEGINNINGS OF LIFE. 



329 



I 





The flask 

 allowed 



con. 



F 



to 



in whict 



1 



\ 



P^rature of tl( 

 ^^en minutes', 

 ' beaker. Tk 

 y means of tk 

 Jn was allowd ' 



r 



expel as 

 luring its i^'k 

 : was hernieti- 



e 



flame and a I 

 pared, except ^ 



ligher degrees ; 



liferent cases, 



f 



0^ and 1 6f f' \ 

 l'witlili«" 





;vith org^i^*' i 



PP 



ed to f 



4 



i0 

 ed e^P"' 





i 



Bacteria^ Vtbriones^ and ToruU^ and similarly sealed during 

 ebullition^ they differed from one another only in 

 respect to the degree of heat to which they had been 

 submitted. Their bulbs were subsequently placed in a 



water bath, 



■ 



maintained at a temperature of from 85° to 95° F. 

 The results have been as follows: — The flasks whose 

 contents had been heated to 133° and i3i°F re- 



which during both 



day and night was 



spectively, began to exhibit a 



bluish tinge in the 



contained fluid after the first or second day • and after 

 two or three more days, the fluid in each became quite 

 turbid and opaque^ owing to the presence and multi- 

 plication of myriads of Bacteria^ Vtbrtones^ and ToruU j 

 the fluids in the flasks, however, which had been ex- 

 posed to the higher temperature of 140°, I49'^5 '^S^''-^ 

 and i67''F5 showed not the slightest trace of turbidity, 

 and no diminution in the clearness of the fluid while 

 they were kept under observation — that is, for a period 



of twelve or fourteen days. 



The conditions under which these experiments were 

 made being in every way similar, except as regards 

 the degree of heat to which the inoculated fluids were 

 subjected, and the organisms being immersed in a fluid, 

 which had been proved to be eminently suitable for 

 their growth and multiplication, it seems only possible 

 to suppose that the difference in the results had to do 

 with the difference in the degree of heat. If such 

 inoculated fluids after having been raised to 133^ and 

 i3i''F for ten minutes, are found in the course of a 



