■'■• Xl. 



I.. 



:• 



o 



'^ ^0 r„. 



n^arl, c 



M 



I ^ 



^ '■elated 



otr.e 



111 



5 ''' ^^e f,,. 

 ■^ them. 



I 



and 



e VI 



1 



'Unity (^f 



prodiKTil 



1011 ot 



»fii toe city of 

 r» ill a beauti- 

 .■•in*s botanic 



Jo'XT has been 

 iiJ-llone uitli 

 he i and -rock, 



Inches in 



I our in 



1. 



I 



between tae 



?s q 



uite rflu"*^ 



(heet^ 



flrata 



of \V3- 



of the 



a ftone-^vall 



) 



em 



to 



diftiii- 



a 



n]c rill- 



cr lilt" 







kin 



op 



ious 



fpriii 



) 



jco 



..vey 



e 



ab/ 



bis 



thu5 



ii.: ^^'^ 



ca 



Icare- 



Sect. XL i. 4. 



AND WATERING. 



261 



ous earth, owing to 



of 



parting through filiceous fand over a ftratum 



y, and which 



ould be a treafure to th 



P 



h 



bleach -yard 



oiie other circumftance in the prefent confornnation of the earth 



r 



ffary to be nnentioned ; which 



that at the time when th 



mountains 



d 



the world by deep 



fome parts of the funnnnits of many of 



or by 

 ind of 



their fteeper fides, rolled down again into the new formed 

 And fecondly, that fuice that remote time the recrements of 



ble and animal bodies have continually been vvafhed d 



fro 



th 



e 



minences by (h 



d have contributed gradually 



m 



late in the vallies, and to form the plains, which exift on the fides of 



rivers 



This appears from the tin ores found in the vallies in C 



wall in loofe pieces fimilar to thofe in the proximate mountains ; and 

 fiom the black carbonic foil, or morafs turf, found in moll vallies. 

 c. From thefe clear id 



f th 



ft rat a of th 



th 



d 



f th 



ftreams of 



w 



hich Aide between them, and form wh 



are 



d wall-fprings, it is eafy 



be ft 



hod of 



P 



venting the vallies at the bottom of hills from being too moift 

 ft be by cutting a long horizontal ditch into the fide of 



pt the water, juft befo 



level 



d of the valley 



commences ; and thus to carry away the water before it comes upon 



r 



the plain beneath. 



For this purpofe at the foot of the hill where the plain, which is 

 too moift, commences, fome auger-holes fhould be bored to find the 

 depth of the fprings, that is to find the thicknels of the upper ftra- 

 tum of the foil. If this be only four or fix feet, an horizontal ditch 

 (liould be cut along the bottom of the mountain to intercept the wa- 



/ 



hich muft then be carried away by one or more oth 



ditch 



pening into this, and 



conducting the water fo collected into th 



As the ftrata; between w4iicb the water dtfcends in forming th 



ruigs. 



I 



