^•111. 



^. 



^^'Ck L, 



10 



3Sto 



erh 



% 



Con. 



^Ps el.k 





!r 



) 



^^^ry very 



lunk b 



y can. 



mbe 



f confift 



5 



i'^ater coiife. 



1 to the 

 and the 



pre' 

 cata^ 



recoil of rods 

 J condruftion 



id was plant* 

 ng the youth 

 srt in the ufe 

 e, and reM 



for the pur- 

 diff a circular 



\y fpring! 

 have their 



ear 



h 



1 



eld toc^ether) 







an 



d the tree 



r 



bent ra 



(jlclei 



- are 



^cdf 



J 



defend 



afof 



m 



e 



very 



t# 



1 



all f 



afe 



Sect. XVIII. 2. 12. LEAVES AND WOOD, 



523 



pafs, which occafions them to grow, when finally tranfplanted, with 

 more certainty, and with greater vigour. 



As tranfplanted trees fhould not be fet too deep in the ground, 

 as their growth is then always 'much checked, as explained in Se6l. 

 XV. 2. 4. they generally require fome kind of props to prevent 

 them from being overturned, or much (hook by the winds, before 

 they have fufficiently extended their roots. As the bark is the only 

 living part of the tree, it is liable to receive much injury from its 

 contufion by thepreffure of the props againft it, or by the flrangu- 

 lation of the bandage which holds it to them. Hence as the inter- 

 nal wood of a tree is not alive, I remember many years ago, that I 

 faftened one prop by a ftrong nail to each fruit-tree of a fmall or- 

 chard, which I then planted ; and found the tree fupported with 



much lefs apparent injury than in the ufual manner by three props 



and adapted cordage. 



12. The time for felling timber has generally been in the winter 

 feafon, when labourers could bed be fpared from other rural em- 

 ployments, ai 



) obferved by Mr. S. Pepys in a paper publiflied in the Philofoph. 



r , 



Tranfad. Vol. XVII. p. 455, that the beft time for felling oaks for 

 fliip-building was after having taken off the bark in the early fprin^, 



d from the architedlure of towns ; but it was long 





d having fufFered the new foliage to put forth 



d d 



For by 



th 



pullulation of th 



w 



buds the faccharine matter in the Tap 



ood or alburnum Is expended, and it then becomes 



ly as hard 



and durable as the heart-wood, being both lefs liable to decay, or t( 

 be penetrated by infed:s ; which was a curious and ingenious difco 



; th 



very at that time, though the theory was not well underftood 

 truth of which has now been eftablifhed, I believe, by the e 



per 



ence of a century. 



As the bark of trees annually changes 

 fo the alburnum annually changes into 



& 



h 



feen in the 



-> X 



ito alburnum or fap-wood, 

 felefs wood ; whence the 



unks of trees, when they 



ara 



