MIGRATION OF BIRDS. 159 
a gigantic size, often several feet high, in the timber, and, 
as variety linearifolium, shrinks into dwarfish proportions on 
the prairie, having an intermediate size in localities only part- 
ly protected. But besides this flora of eastern affinities, the 
woodland has a flora of its own, although representatives of 
this class are not as numerous as would have been expected. 
is on the prairie east of the great plateau that all the 
four floras meet. Minnesota and Assiniboia contribute large- 
ly to it, and many plants for which the manuals set Nebraska 
as their northern boundary, grow here. And numerous Mon- 
tana and Wyoming species jump the barrier. A conspicuous 
peculiarity of this flora is the abundance of varieties. You 
examine a plant with the aid of a manual, and the description 
is just as made for that special plant but for one or two char- 
acters, and you will often be in doubt if that variety actually 
ought to have its own Latin name or not. No doubt the four 
different floras share the responsibility of these aberrations. 
mense spaces of the territory have never been visited 
by botanists, except as Government survey parties have pass- 
ed across the country. The plow is incessantly doing its dead- 
ly work, it may be exterminating species that never were pub- 
ished. 
Leeds, North Dakota. 
Migration of Birds in St. Joseph County, Indiana. 
BROTHER ALPHONSUS, C. $. C. 
Some species of birds that arrived early in the spring of 
1909 departed late in the summer. Such were the Cowbird, 
Red-winged Blackbird, Purple Grackle, Vesper Sparrow and 
Loggerhead Shrike. The Cuckoos, among the latest of the mi- 
Robin, Nov. 26; the Dove, Oct. 24 and Nov. 29. 
The Bobolink, Dickcissel, Crested Flycatcher, Rose- 
Whip-poor-will were not seen after the 14th of August. The 
writer having been absent from the county for six weeks 
