202 AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST. 
The seeds are exalbuminous containing a large raphe along 
one side; they are black and smooth. After germination the 
tion of an obtuse prominence at the apex. As the succeeding 
leaves appear the second year a small lobe develops at the apex. 
Even the first leaves may when vigorous or when older become 
expanded, the xylem portion of the bundle increases rapidly 
in area. Secondary tissue as pith appears in the centre. The 
hypocotyl at first swells out greatly due to rapid growth and 
multiplication of the cells in the cortex; after a week or two 
this outer growth slackens and the subsequent thickening is 
mostly due to the enlargement of the pith. The mestome 
strands in the older rhizome which is developed from the hypo- 
cotyl, do not increase in great numbers, but soon are scattered 
in the circle of the cambium. The interfascicular cambium 
is well developed. > 
Lubbock* in his work on seedlings refers to somewhat sim- 
ilar enlargements of the hypocotyl of seedlings. The first case 
is that of our common radish, Raphanus sativus, Linn., the 
thickened edible “root” of which is developed from the hypo- 
cotyl.t The root stock of Cyclamen persicum, Mill, is likewise 
developed from the hypocotyli In Testudinaria elephantopes 
Burch.! a similar embryonic thickening is recorded. This 
plant seedling seems to be entirely rootless for a time. T e 
upright rootstock of Cyclamen, the thickened primary “root 
of the radish, and the rhizome of Bloodroot are then developed . 
* Lubbock, J. A Contribution to Our Knowledge of Seedlings, 2 vols. 
1892. 
f Ibidem. Vol. I, p. 178. 
3 Ibidem. Vol. II, p. 184. 
| Ibidem. Vol. II, p. 576. 
