January 2, 1889.] 



Garden and Forest. 



7 



western Nebraska by tPie Russian Mennonites, where it lias 

 become common as an ornamental tree and for hedges and 

 wind-breaks. If some attention is given to pruning up and 

 sliaping wlien young it soon makes one of our best silvery 

 foliaged trees for large or small lawns. The seeds should be 

 mixed with sand and kept where they will freeze during winter. 



Even where Tainarix Afric- 

 ana and T. Gallica are hardy 

 and flower freely, I think the 

 Tamarix of the Amur, with 

 some cutting back to secure 

 compact growth, is more de- 

 sirable as a lawn shrub. Its 

 foliage is somewhat darker, its 

 expression more graceful, and 

 it rtowers more profusely and 

 for a much longer period. But 

 at the west and north it is 

 the only hardy species of the 

 family, and the number of really 

 beautiful shrubs is restricted, 

 hence it should receive the at- 

 tention of propagators. We 

 find that it propagates readily 

 from cuttings set in the open 

 ground in autumn, and the 

 young wood roots readily in the 

 cutting bench. J. L. Budd. 



Agricultural College, Ames, Iowa. 



Jersey, is an improvement on the French spraying machines, 

 and is now recommended and used by the Department of 

 Agriculture. 



Experimenters with the Bordeaux Mixture will find that their 

 success in preventing Grape rot will be in proportion to the 

 earliness and thoroughness with which the mixture is ap- 



Boudoir of Marie Antoinette.— Park of 

 the Petit-Trianon. — See page 2. 



Diseases of the 



CEVERAL inquiries have 

 '--' come to me from readers 

 of Garden and Forest since 

 the fact was published that ex- 

 periments here, under direc- 

 tion of the Department of Agri- 

 culture, have demonstrated 

 that spraying the Grape vine 

 with copper sulphate solutions 

 will prevent black rot and pre- 

 vent or cure Grape-leaf mildew. 



The best preparation is that known as the Bordeaux 

 Mixture. This is made by dissolving six pounds of powdered 

 copper sulphate (blue vitriol) in several gallons of hot water. 

 Four pounds of new lime are then slaked in sufficient quan- 

 tity of water. When the two solutions cool they are mixed 

 and diluted with water to make twenty-two gallons. 



The vines should be sprayed with this solution before vege- 

 tation starts in spring, and every three or four weeks there- 

 after until the grapes begin to color. The need for more or less 

 frequently repeated spraying will probably depend on the 

 weather. If hot and wet, frequent spraying will be needed. 

 The Eureka Sprayer, made by Adam Weaber, Vineland, New 



The Dairy. — Park of the PeKt-Trianon. — See page 2. 



plied. It may be beneficial to spray the vines in 

 winter or in very early spring. It will also be 

 well to practice as complete disinfection as 

 possible. Clean the vineyard ; strip and scrape 

 the old bark from the vines after pruning; re- 

 move last year's deposits of leaves, petioles and 

 rotted fruit. Bury everything afterward with the 

 plow, and do not disturb this refuse during the 

 summer by deep tillage. A light 

 smoothing harrow will give all 

 the summer cultivation needed. 



When the foliage is dense, care 

 should be taken that the clusters 

 are reached by the spray. The 

 liquid must reach the surface of 

 the berry to exclude the rot-germ. 

 Of course it is not advisable to 

 spray the grapes near the time of 

 the vintage. If the fruit is kept 

 safe until it begins to ripen it is as 

 much as can be hoped for. But 

 the fruit may be infected by the 

 fungus even after it is gathered. 

 I now have white grapes spread 

 out in my wine-house which were 

 kept sound in bags until late in 

 October. They are now specked 

 with black rot. 



Sulphate of copper thus used 

 on the fruit is not dangerous to 

 the health of those who partake of the grapes. In the wine 

 made from grapes thus treated no trace of the chemical can 

 be found. 



Vineland, N. J., November 29th, 1888. A. W. f'earsoil. 



European Chrysanthemums.— I observe that these flowers, 

 and especially the French varieties, are spoken of disparag- 

 ingly by many American writers, and it cannot be denied that 

 many new plants of very little merit have been sold to 

 confiding buyers. The years i885 and 1887 gave us a few 

 choice varieties, but very few compared with the number 



