May 8, 1889.] 



Garden and Forest. 



217 



C^ A DP\CI\1 A 1\1 P\ CODCQHT ^^ ^'^ leaves contrasts unpleasantly with the vix'id tint 



LjAIxLJCIN AINLJ rWrXCOl. that this Beech sometimes assumes. It may be added 



that it varies much in tint, as may be read in the fact 



PUBLISHED WEKKLY KY ^l^,^^ j^ j^ gonietimes called the Purple and sometimes the 



THE GARDEN AND FOREST PUBLISHING CO. Copper Beech, 'iliose shades which approach most nearly 



to brown are the. most desirable as being less eccentric 



okficr: Tribune Building, New York. and conspciuous than the brighter purplcs ; but in our cli- 



mate, fortunately, the hot sun of summer often turns a tree 



CDiiducted by Professor c. s. Sargknt. that has been too vivid in the spring months to a beau- 

 tifully modulated coppery color. The Purple Beech has 



ENTERED AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER AT THE POST OFFICE AT NEW YORK, N. Y. •' , V i J 1 



sometmies been recommended as a street-tree, and has 



■ more than once been planted as an avenue-tree in 



NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, MAY 8, 1889. American country-places. But it is not well adapted for 



— either of these purposes. What we want in the city 



TABLE OF CONTENTS '^ ^^ much of Nature's verdure as can be obtained ; and 



PAGE. to line a street with purple trees is to defeat this object 



EorroRfAL Articles :-p,c Artistic As|)ect o£ Trees. VII.--A New Editioiiof Not eCCCntric but HOriTial COlor is the thing tO be SCCUred 



Grav s Manual. — L)anp;er rrom Briisli-hres 217 . , i- , , ^ ,• 1,1 1 r 



Some Old American Countrv-Seats. II.— The Lyman Place (witli plan lU Systematic Street-plantmg, although, OI COUrse, III a 



M..''"Ai''"f''"')'frn1iV;-,;f; .........a«r/„£//^/. 2,8 small park or the grounds of a villa a well-placed Purple 



Native bnrubs or Calitoinia Frofessor E. L, Greene, 219 t t> \r \ 



Foreign CoRREsroNDENCE :-London Letter '....vv. Watson. -z-^l^ Bcech IS an interesting objcct, and if the arrangement of 



The Purple Beech (with illustration) 221 such a spot is formal or seiTii-architectural, its presence is 



Cultural DEPARTMEN-r;— Brussels Sprouts and Savoys JV. F. Massey. 222 rlonhhr nnnrni-irin tp Tn a (-riniitrir ni'pmip ihe' Piirnlp 



H.nvWe Kid Our Vines of Mealy Bugs... IF. H. Divers. 222 couDiy^ appropriate, in a country a\ cuue tne 1 urpie 



Orchid Notes H. A. Bunyard, w. Watson, A. Dimmock. 222 Becch is likcwise out of place. Here we have, indeed, 



The Common Primrose F. L. Temple. 22% , , r j. • i.i i- 1 j 



Tuberoses janies Currie. 22% ^'i aDundauce ot grceii toucs \\\ the surrounduig landscape, 



Perpetual Carnations John Thorpe. 22'i, but a whole avcuue of a purple color cannot but disturb 



Notes from a Northern Spring-Garden c. 224 ^j^^g restfulness and harmony of evcn the widest and most 



Pruiciples of Physiological Botany. XIX Professor Georg-e Lincoln Goodale. 22s • 1 1 a ii ■ ii 1 • 1 • 1 ii • 1 



Periodical LrrERATURE '. 225 varied park. Anything that IS eccentric, whether m color 



Correspondence :-How a City Gained a Park Elizabeth Bullard. 226 Or in form, should be Sparingly USed—should merely aCCent 



Flowering of Hepatica triloba D. D. siade. 226 and enliven 3 sceue, not be SO often repeated as to domi- 



An Orchid Nursery 5.227 l c ii icr^Axiir 1 



Recent Plant Portraits 22 "ate or contuse the general ettect. A vast bed 01 purple 



Notes 228 Colcus could not agreeably take the place of a lawn, nor 



Illustrations:— Slretch-plan of the Lyman Place 2ig Can a loil? double rOW of purple treCS aQ:reeably fomi all 



The Purple Beech of the Lyman Place 221 , & ./ 



The Lyman Place, Waltham, Massachusetts 223 aveiiue. 



■ The common White Birch of Europe, like the Paper or 



The Artistic Asnect of Trees VII Canoe Birch, which is less frequently planted, is a peculiar 



' ■ tree in both form and color. The color of its leaves, 



WE spoke not long ago of the Lombardy Poplar indeed, is green, but the brilliant whitish hue of its bark 



and the Weeping Willow as trees which, on which, as its foliage is not dense, appears even in the head, 



account of their peculiar form, are exceptionally con- added to its slender outline and drooping habit, makes it 



spicuous, and therefore must be placed with care if a extremely conspicuous. No tree is more generally seen in 



good general effect is to be heightened by their presence. our parks and country-places, and none, perhaps, has been 



The Purple Beech is a tree of normal shape and texture, such a source of sorrow to the landscape-gardener. Early 



but its eccentric color puts it in the same category with associations have made our little Gray Birch dear to all 



trees of eccentric shape. Rightly used, it may be a feature lovers of Nature in our Eastern and Middle States, where it 



of extreme beauty ; wrongly used, it may deform an other- grows abundantly in the woods and copses, and, combined 



wise beautiful landscape. It should never look as though with the White Pine, often gives the landscape a distinctive 



mere chance had determined its position, for everyone look. The fact that it is peculiar, and is graceful and pretty 



knows that it is not anatural species but a mere variety, rather than beautiful in a more serious sense, has tended to 



originally produced, indeed, by one of Nature's sponta- make the similar and more easily-procured European Birch 



neous accidents, but carefully perpetuated by the hand of very popular. It is easily grown and flourishes in a variety 



nian._ It should never be planted in a wood, on a rough of situations. No tree, therefore, has been more frequently 



hill-side, hi a picturesque glen, or in any other place in introduced into private grounds by proprietors who think 



whichitis desired to simulate a purely natural effect. Its they can improve upon an artist's first arrangement. But, 



place is in ornamental grounds near a house or in the more charming though the Gray Birch is when growing wild, 



carefully tended portions of a public park or pleasure- and when judiciously planted, a single Birch of this charac- 



garden. Here it may stand in isolation or be grouped ter unwisely placed can work the greatest injury to a land- 



with other trees of an appropriate character. Nothing, of scape. Its weakly pliant form and shining trunk make 



course, groups so well with it as Beeches of the normal the smallest specimen conspicuous against a background 



hue — either the European Beech, with its beautiful dark of other trees, and may disturb the majestic repose and 



green, glossy foliage or the American Beech, with its dignity of a dozen great Oaks or Beeches. Nor, as most 



lighter foliage, paler bark and more graceful ramifica- generally placed by the amateur— especially when the cut- 



tions. Failing these, its associates should be trees which leaved garden variety is chosen — in isolation on a lawn, 



will repeat its own lines in a general way, like the Horse- can it often have a good effect. It is too delicate, fragile, 



chestnut or the Scarlet Maple, or which will gently con- nerveless a tree to look well by itself, and its outline, 



trast with those lines, like the Sugar Maple with its more although graceful, is seldom really beautiful. This, unlike 



elliptically-shaped head. To group it with the broken, pic- the Purple Beech, is a tree for the edge of a natural-look- 



turesque outline of a White Pine, or the hard, conical shape ing wood, for a rocky glen, or a tangled hill-side. A 



of a Spruce, would be to ruin its effect. And, as a general familiar wild tree in many countries, it 'looks out of place 



rule, it looks better standing apart from all other trees, if posed as a garden specimen by itself, while its form 



for a well-grown specimen is as beautifully symmetrical shows to the best advantage when several individuals 



in form as it is peculiar in color. If, however, it is grow near together in association with such trees as 



grouped with other trees as much attention should be Nature herself commonly groups about it. With Pines, 



paid to the shades of green as to the forms of its neigh- Hemlocks, Tupelos and Scrub Oaks in the woods along 



bors. In shape the Negundo, for example, would be a good the Massachusetts coast, the Gray Birch composes most 



tree to group with the Purple Beech ; but the light green beautiful pictures ; and it is pictures such as these that the 



