26 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 



The material used in the construction of these stalls was 

 native spruce, planed on all sides. The cost of furnishing a 

 barn with these stalls is less than that of stancheons, or mangers 

 and chains. They are so sensible, simple and cheap, that they 

 commend themselves to every cattle owner, whether he has an 

 old fashioned barn or is constructing a new one. 



A generous supply of windows is provided for the admission 

 of light and sunshine. Outside windows are used during the 

 coldest weather and are essential to prevent freezing in the 

 tie-up, as it is kept open in front into the drive or feed floor 

 except in the severest weather. This part of the barn furnishes 

 plenty of fresh air to the animals, as it opens directly into the 

 large ventilators on the ridge of the barn which are never closed. 

 When it becomes necessary for the comfort of the animals, to 

 close the shutters in front of them, the tie-up in which they are 

 confined is completely ventilated by the ventilating shutes that 

 are twelve by twenty-four inches, inside measurement, and 

 extend from the tie-up, up the walls and roof to the ventilators 

 at the ridge. These shutes are as near air tight as they can be 

 made with matched boards and building paper, and have an 

 upright height of forty-five feet. 



It is essential that the ventilators be tight, as every little 

 crack acts as a damper and checks the draft. It is necessary 

 that the shutes be of large size, and as high as possible so as to 

 displace large quantities of foul air. One of these shutes to 

 each fifty feet in length of the tie-up, ventilates so completely 

 that the air seems fresh and dry in the morning, after the room 

 has been closed during the night. The cellar is ventilated by 

 four shutes of similar size, but greater length, arranged in the 

 same way. 



For watering, two troughs are placed, in the one hundred 

 feet long tie-up, next the wall, behind the cattle. A rope about 

 two feet long is fastened near the ends of each trough. These 

 ropes, and the ones in the stalls, have snaps at their ends, and 

 the cattle are quickly unfastened and led to the trough and 

 secured. Four animals are in process of watering at the same 

 time. They cannot wander about, and the ropes are so short 

 that they cannot play with each other and waste the time of the 

 herdsman. After using individual watering buckets or 



