164 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 



In large orchards much time may be saved by preparing stock 

 solutions of the lime and copper instead of constantly making 

 up a new batch. Dissolve 40 lbs. of copper sulphate in as many 

 gallons of water. A gallon of the solution will thus contain 1 

 lb. of the copper salt. In a similar way a stock solution of lime 

 may be prepared. Keep both solutions tightly covered and stir 

 thoroughly before dipping any out. A gallon of clear lime water 

 contains only one-sixth of an ounce of lime instead of a pound, 

 as desired. It is now a very simple matter to take six gallons of 

 the copper solution, four of the lime and dilute to the requisite 

 amount.* 



Some other formulas: — The Bordeaux mixture and Paris green 

 above mentioned are the standard remedies for orchard work. 

 But there are some insects which are best reached by other 

 means, and it is assumed that the orchardist knows what he is 

 fighting before commencing operations. For currant worms, 

 the specific — after the fruit has set — is fresh white hellebore. 

 For the first brood of this insect we always use Pans green. 

 Aphis and scale insects are best met with kerosene emulsion. 

 For brown rot of plums, after the fruit has partly developed, the 

 ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate is preferred to Bor- 

 deaux mixture, as the latter discolors the fruit. 



KEROSENE EMULSION. 



Hard soap J / 2 pound. 



Boiled water 1 gallon. 



Kerosene 2 gallons. 



Dissolve the soap in the water, add the kerosene and churn 

 through a force pump for five to ten minutes. In general, dilute 

 about ten times before using. On very tender succulent plants 

 dilute fifteen or twenty times, and for scale insects on woody 

 plants dilute only five times. 



HELLEBORE. 



Fresh white hellebore 1 ounce. 



Water 3 gallons. 



A little flour paste added to the mixture will cause it to adhere 

 to the foliage better. 



*This subject was fully discussed before the Maine Pomological Society in 

 January, 1895. See Rep. Maine Porn. Soc, 1894, p. 56. 



