26 Maine; agricultural experiment station. 1905. 



vated than on the mulched land ; while the average yield was 

 as 72 and 59 respectively. 



The use of different forms of potash as a factor in preventing 

 apple scab gave negative results, agreeing in the main with 

 results published elsewhere. , 



In the work of orchard renovation, the effect of cultivation 

 was visible a half mile distant, the foliage being large, dark and 

 healthy, as compared with the small, pale, sickly leaves on the 

 adjacent check trees. The plot receiving complete fertilizer 

 presented the best appearances at the end of the growing season. 

 (For details see Bulletin 89.) 



SPRAYING. 



Spraying with fungicides and insecticides has received consid- 

 erable attention, especially in the years 189 1-5. Among the 

 questions studied are the following : The effectiveness of the 

 treatment in producing perfect fruit ; the relative number of 

 windfalls on sprayed and unsprayed trees ; the preparation of 

 spraying mixtures ; the best time for spraying. 



All trees sprayed with arsenical poisons had a smaller per- 

 centage of wormy fruit than did the unsprayed. Paris green 

 was found less injurious to the foliage than was London purple 

 or white arsenic. A mixture of one pound Paris green in 250 

 gallons of water was effective in reducing the amount of wormy 

 fruit, but a stronger mixture (one pound to 100 gallons) was 

 required to kill the tent caterpillar. The number of windfalls 

 was greatly lessened by spraying with Paris green and the pro- 

 portion of wormy fruit among the windfalls was also smaller 

 from the sprayed trees. It was observed that most of the 

 wormy fruits from sprayed trees are entered from the side or 

 base, while in fruits from unsprayed trees the entrances at the 

 calyx were largely in excess. Spraying three times with an 

 ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate destroyed the apple 

 scab fungus and resulted in saving 52 per cent of the crop, but 

 the foliage and fruit were slightly injured. The most satis- 

 factory and eft'ective fungicide used was Bordeaux mixture and 

 this is now generally used throughout the State. The effective- 

 ness of Bordeaux mixture as a fungicide, and of Paris green as 

 an insecticide for the orchard, was fully established by the work 



