AGRICULrXURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 209 



nearly at right angles to the thorax. The legs were spread out as 

 though to brace the insect. The sharp, brownish ovipositor was 

 then plainly protruded, and by repeated vertical motions inserted 

 into the apple. So far as we could see, the ovipositor pierced the 

 skin the first plunge and the continued probing was to enlarge the 

 hole. We could not see the egg escape, as the opening to the 

 oviduct was concealed below the skin of the apple. The process 

 occupied a half minute or so. In all the cases we observed, the 

 insect oviposited in the shade. The puncture cannot be easily 

 seen at first, but soon the adjacent tissue changes to brown and 

 shrivels, showing the opening plainly with a brownish areola 

 around it. We marked around one puncture as soon as it was 

 made and examined it five days later, finding the shell of the 

 deserted egg and in a channel close by leading to it the young 

 larva. 



Relation of Trypeta to Other Insects. 

 The published views on this question are : (a) That the eggs 

 are deposited directly in holes made by other insects ; (b) That they 

 are deposited on the surface of the apple near the calyx end, the 

 hatched larvae entering the holes made by other insects, especially 

 those of the codling moth ; (c) There is an implied view expressed 

 by Prof. Perkins that they are deposited on the outside, hatch 

 there, and the young larvse early bore through the peel and enter 

 the fruit. Hundreds of apples have been found infested by 

 Trypeta with no evidence of codling moth work or the work of 

 any other insects, and no external openings, excepting the small 

 punctures made by the Trypeta fl}'. The finding of Trypeta eggs 

 beneath the peel of apples in these characteristic punctures, settles 

 the question beyond dispute, and warrants the conclusion that the 

 tvork of Trypeta is entirely independent of otJier insects. This is 

 important, for there was a hope that the destruction of the cod- 

 ling moth would check this pest by destroying its means of 

 entering the fruit. 



Insects Sometimes Mistaken for Trypeta. 

 The term apj^le ivorm is often vaguely applied to any sort of 

 larva infesting the apple. The name a^ple maggot is frequently 

 incorrectly given to the true apple worm, the caterpillar of the 

 codling moth. While in some parts of the country the true apple 

 maggot, the larva of Trypeta pomonella, is called the '■^railroad 

 ivorm." The larva of the codling moth is usually in Maine 



