228 MAINE STATE COLLEGE 



places are a fruitful source of the pest, and fruit dealers should be 

 required to buru or bury all apple refuse and not throw it on the 

 ground. 



The maggots are not able to crawl out of a box, and the refuse 

 from market places could be thrown into a tight box or barrel and 

 the maggots prevented from going into the grouud. The refuse 

 could occasionally be buried a foot or so deep. 



(b) The maggots in stored apples sooner or later leave them 

 and go into the pupa state in the barrels or bins. If marketed 

 without sorting, the pupse go with the fruit in the barrel and may 

 spread the pest. The sorting floor should be swept if pupae are 

 found on it, and the refuse burned. In bins and barrels in the 

 cellar the pupae probably retain their vitality and if not burned the 

 flies emerge in the spring. As a precaution the bins should be 

 carefully swept and the barrels shaken into a tight vessel and 

 refuse burned. Apple refuse from home use, known to contain 

 maggots, should be destroyed and not thrown on the ground. 



The writer's observations, to date, seem to indicate that the per- 

 petuation of Trypeta from year to year is largely if not wholly 

 due to the transformation of maggots that go into the ground, and 

 that we have comparatively little to fear from the larvae found in 

 winter fruit picked and stored after frosts. 



The pupae found in barrels in December and placed in a jar in 

 the cellar, without dirt, have not transformed. Some of the same 

 lot put in earth December 25th have not changed. Maggots 

 allowed to emerge from apples and transform in a box without 

 dirt have not changed to flies. These facts would seem to indicate 

 that pupae exposed in open barrels for any length of time will not 

 transform. Again, many of the larvae in hard winter fruit die and 

 do not reach maturity. It is not uncommon to find winter fruit 

 full of the old trails of half -grown larvae and the maggots dead in 

 the channels, and the apple in a fair state of preservation. The 

 subject needs further investigation, and the writer is at work upon 

 it. Meanwhile it is best to destroy all pupee found upon sorting 

 floors or in bins or barrels. 



The careful destruction of the windfalls and pupae from stored 

 fruit is, with little trouble or expense, within the control of 

 fruit growers, and amounts to making an effectual trap of all trees 

 infested. 



The remaining sources of Trypeta, domestic and foreign mar- 

 keted fruit, are not so easily controlled. Fruit growers should be 



