GALL APHIDS OF THE ELM. 239 



tennae ; d, pupa of same, dorsal view ; e, winged female ; f, her antennae ; 

 g, antennae of stem-mother — all enlarged." After Riley. 



Fig. 130. Colopha ulmicola (eragrostides). Specimen taken on era- 

 grostis sp. Squaw Creek, Iowa, 9-9-93, by F. A. Sirrine. Note that 

 abnormal left hand antenna has but 5 joints. 



Fig. 131. Colopha ulmicola. Stem mother from cockscomb gall on 

 cork elm. Collected at Iowa Agr. Col., 7-4- '93, by F. A. Sirrine. 



Fig. 132. Colopha ulmicola (eragrostidis) . Apterous viviparous form 

 from root of Eragrostis. io-8-'92. Collected by F. A. Sirrine. 



Fig. 133. Tctraneiira graminis (colophoidea). Apterous form not 

 stem-mother from galls. See page 209. 



Fig. 134. Tetvancura -graminis. Specimen collected on Aira caespitosa 

 in flocculent down by J. T. Monell, October 11, 1876. St. Louis, ?-.Io. 



Fig- 135- Colopha ulmicola (eragrostidis) antenna. Specimen from 

 Bragrostis frankH bred in Lab. Iowa Agr. Col. 9-20- '93, by F. A. Sirrine. 



Fig. 136. Colopha ulmicola, antenna. Specimen from cockscomb galls 

 on cork elm. Collected Iowa Agr. Col. 7-4-'93 by F. A. Sirrine. 



Figs. 137, 138. Tetraneura graminis. Wings of migrants collected 

 on bark of Ulmus amcricana. Iowa Agric. College 10-4- '92 by F. A. 

 Sirrine. 



Fig. 139. Tetraneura graminis (colophoidea). From slide labeled 

 "Tetraneura ulmi from cockscomb gall on Ulmus amcricana." /Specimen 

 collected at Iowa Agr. Col. 6-27-'93 by F. A. Sirrine. 



Fig. 140. Tetraneura graminis. Antenna of Fig. 134. 



Fig. 141. Tetraneura graminis, true female. On bark of Ulmus 

 americana. Collected at Iowa Agr. Col. 10-4- '92 by F. A. Sirrine. 



Fig. 142. Tetraneura graminis {colophoidea). From slide labeled 

 "Tetraneura ulmi. Stem-mother. From cockscomb gall on Ulmus amer- 

 icana." Collected by F. A. Sirrine, 6-27-93 at Iowa Agricultural Col. 



Figs. 143, 144, 145. Tetraneura graminis. Larvae on roots of Leersia 

 virginica. Collected by F. A. Sirrine at Iowa Agric. College. 9-30-'92. 



Fig. 146. Pemphigus ulmifusus. Normal venation. Collected at 

 LeRoy, 111., by J. J. Davis. Fig. 147. Wings. Hind wing normal. Fore 

 wing with M branched near tip. Collected at LeRoy, 111., by J. J. Davis. 

 Fig. 148. Antenna of migrant. Collected at LeRoy, 111., by J. J. Davis. 

 Fig. 149. Antenna of pupa, see page 221. Collected in Minnesota by 

 O. W. Oestlund. Slide 125-98. Fig. 150. Gall collected in Minnesota 

 by O. W. Oestlund. 



Fig. 151. Schi::oneura amcricana. Leaf curl of thickly infested tree 

 causing a bunching or rosette of the leaves. Orono, July 7, 1909. Fig. 

 152. Fore wing. Fig. 153. Hind wing on smaller scale. Fig. 154. 

 Six-jointed antenna of apterous viviparous form. July 16, 1909. Fig. 

 155. Antenna of winged form. Fig. 156. Typical "Leaf curl" caused 

 by this insect. 



Fig. 157. Schizoucura rilcyi. Wings. Fig. 158. Antenna of winged 

 form. Fig. 159. Six-jointed antenna of apterous form. Fig. 160. Six- 

 jointed antenna of pupa. Fig. 161. Male. Fig. 162. Female. Same 

 magnification as male. Fig. 163. Woolly colony on young elm. Sept. 



