366 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. IQIO. 



pure culture is illustrated in Fig. 255. The fungus was reiso- 

 lated in pure culture from this apple. 



Hypoclinus decay. Eustace* has described a decay of apples 

 in New York caused by a species of Hypoclinus. A fungus 

 which agrees in certain characteristics with the one described 

 by Eustace has been found here associated with a surface spot- 

 ting or pitting somewhat like the Baldwin spot and Cylindro- 

 sporium troubles of apples. The fungus which we have had in 

 culture for 3 years has never fruited, although it has been grown 

 on a variety of culture media and so it is impossible to state pos- 

 itively that it is the same fungus which Eustace studied but it 

 has the same kind of clamp connections of the cells of the my- 

 celium and the fungus agrees in appearance with his descrip- 

 tion. Inoculations with this fimgus caused only a small sunken 

 spot of decayed tissue at the point of inoculation. 



Fusariiim decay. The examination of decaying apples from 

 a large number of sources has frequently shown the presence of 

 Fusarium spores. In some cases Fusarinm has been found 

 fruiting on the surface of decayed fruit, the rather thick masses 

 of spores giving a pink color, in other cases the mycelium has 

 been found in the cavity around the seeds sometimes destroying 

 the seeds. In the seed cavity it is either white or reddish in col- 

 or. The spores are produced in considerable numbers on this 

 mycelium. Fusarium is sometimes found associated with other 

 fungi forming a thick felt-like growth over injured places on the 

 surface of apples. From such a growth on one apple one of us 

 (L.) has isolated 8 different fungi, 4 of whicli, including one 

 species of Fusarium, caused complete decay of ripe apples upon 

 inoculation from pure cultures. In advanced stages of Fusarium 

 decay, white mycelium breaks out on the surface of the ai)ple 

 as shown in Fig. 256. A study is being made of tlie apple 

 decays caused by species of Fusarium and a detailed account will 

 be published soon in a bulletin of this Station. A Fusarium de- 

 cay has been described from Europe by Osterwalder.f but so 

 far as the writers are aware no such decay has been reported in 

 America. In this investigation 3 forms of Fusarium have been 



* Eustace, H. J., N. Y. State Sta. Bui. 235, pp. 123-T29. 1903. 



t 0?terwalder. A. Ueber eine bisher unbekannte Art der Kernnhst- 

 faule, verursacht durch Fusarium putrcfacicns Nov. spec. Ceiitralbl. 

 Bakt. Zweite Abt. 13. 207-213; 330-338. 1904. 



