390 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. I9IO. 



dust sprays for orchards in Illinois. The following paragraph 

 is a concise summary of his conclusions.* 



"The results of the experiments are sufficiently decisive to 

 warrant the conclusion that the dust spray is absolutely ineffi- 

 cient as a preventative of injury from prevailing apple fungi, 

 and that it is considerably less efficient as an insect remedy than 

 is the liquid method of applying arsenites." 



WHEN TO SPRAY AND WHAT TO USE. 



If supplemented with proper orchard sanitation apple scab 

 and practically all of the other serious fungous diseases of the 

 fruit and foliage of Maine orchards may be quite successfully 

 controlled by the following procedure : 



Apply the first spray when the leaves are unfolding, the sec- 

 ond immediately after the blossoms fall and the third lo days 

 or two weeks thereafter. If the season is very wet a fourth 

 spraying after another interval of 10 days or two weeks may 

 be necessary. 



For varieties resistant to spray injury use 3-3-50 bordeaux 

 mixture, Formula i. For more tender varieties self-boiled 

 lime-sulphur. Formula 3 ; home-cooked lime-sulphur, Formula 

 4, diluted to summer strength, or commercial brands of lime- 

 sulphur diluted to summer strength, are suggested. Where 

 scab is very prevalent or spraying has been neglected in the past 

 it is advisable to substitute for the first spraying with lime- 

 sulphur an application of 5-5-50 bordeaux made a little earlier 

 in the season before the leaf buds open. It is claimed by those- 

 who have experimented with home-cooked or commercial lime- 

 sulphur diluted to winter strength and applied just before the 

 leaf buds open that they are also very effective in killing the 

 spores of fungi on the twigs in addition to destroying scale and 

 other insects. 



Insecticides with fungicides. When applying the fungicides 

 described above it is advisable to add some form of poison to 

 the first two or three applications after the leaves begin to show, 

 to kill the bud moth, canker worm, tent caterpillar, forest cater- 

 pillar, etc. Paris green and lead arsenate are both effective but 

 for several reasons the latter is preferred by many for use on 

 apple trees. One to three pounds of lead arsenate to 50 gallons 



* Crandall, C. S., 111. Exp. Sta. Bui. 106, p. 240, 1906. 



