ORCHARD SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS II. 29 



case, however, authors differ in the order of stating the ingre- 

 dient amounts. Some give sulphur in pounds, lime in pounds^ 

 and dilution volum.e in that order. Others reverse the order 

 of lime and sulphur weights. In practically all cases the order 

 of ingredients in the formula is stated by the author. 



Lead arsenate may be inserted in the lime-sulphur formulas 

 as indicated in the example for bordeaux mixture. 



In diluting the stock solution of lime-sulphur, either for a 

 dormant spray or for summer use, the number of gallons pre- 

 cedes the total volume of mixtures ready for use. Thus, if-50 

 indicates if gallons of concentrate diluted with water to a 

 volume of 50 gallons. 



B. DiRliCTlONS FOR MakING CONCENTRATED LiME-SuEPH'JR 



Solutions. 



The directions given in former publications of this Station 

 for the preparation of the stock solution have been superseded 

 by the more recent chemical investigations referred to in this 

 bulletin. The formula recommended is as follows : 



Stone lime 40 lbs. 



Sulphur 80 lbs. 



Water sufficient to make , 50 gals. 



Larger or smaller amounts can be made by multiplying or 

 dividing respectively these quantities. 



The lime must be of high grade, not less than 90 percent 

 pure ; no lime should be used that contains more than 5 percent 

 of magnesium oxide. The sulphur should also be high-grade^ 

 either in the form of flowers of sulphur or sulphur flour. Do 

 not use ground brimstone. 



Place lime in the cooker. Make a thin paste of the sul- 

 phur with hot water and note the amount of water so used. 

 Slake the lime with this paste, taking care neither to drown nor 

 burn the lime in the' process. Add water sufficient to make a 

 total of 50 gallons. Bring to the boiling point, and boil vigor- 

 ously for I hour, stirring frequently. 



Before boiling begins the volume of liquid should be deter- 

 mined by a measuring stick. As the mixture boils, some of the 

 water will evaporate. It is, therefore, necessary to determine 

 the loss at short intervals by means of the stick and to add 



