inse;ct notes for 1912. 



435 



Scale of female. It is circular in outline, flat, with exuviae 

 in the center surrounded by conspicuous concentric rings. Scale 

 gray, except central part which varies from pale yellow to 

 reddish yellow, or sometimes even black. Diameter about 1-16 

 of an inch. 



"Female. The body is nearly circular in outline and yellowish in 

 color. There are two pairs of lobes with the median well developed. 

 These appear to converge, are notched once on the lateral edges, rounded 

 at the apices, and the thickened mesal margins extend cephalad and 

 encircle the anal opening in a conspicuous manner. The second lobes 

 are smaller, converge toward the median, and are notched on the lateral 





/? pern/ciosus. 



Fig. 476. 



margins. There are two thickened processes between the median lobes 

 and two surrounding each incision, the inner the larger. There are 

 two pectinae between the median lobes, very inconspicuous, two pectinaa 

 in the first incision, three pectince in the second incision, and three or 

 more wide, fringed extensions of the pygidial margin laterad of the- 

 second incision. These extensions are very characteristic, in fact, are a 

 diagnostic character. There is a spine on the lateral base of each lobe, 

 one laterad of the second incision and one, one-half the distance to the 

 penultimate segment. There are, at least, three rows of dorsal pores 

 although they are not prominent." (Herrick). 



Life history. The winter is passed by this insect in a partly 

 grown, dormant condition. On the approach of warm weather 

 winged males and early in the summer the young appear, which 

 are brought forth alive. In the latitude of Washington there 

 are 4 or 5 generations, but farther north there are fewer. In 

 parts of New York there are 3 generations. Owing to the few 



