inse;ct notes for 19 12. 445 



Bulecanium corni. 



the; EUROPEAN FRUIT I^ECANIUM. 



Bouche. Stett. Ent. Zeit. V, p. 298, 1844. 

 Sanders. Journal Ec. Ent. pp. 428-447, II, 1909. 



The , following names are all synonyms, according to Sanders : 

 Adenostomae, armeniacum, assimile, aurantiacum, canadense, caryarum, 

 cerasifex, coryli, cor34ifex, crawii, cyosbati, fitchii, fraxini, guinardi, 

 juglandifex, kansasense', kingii, lintneri, maclurarum, mori, obtusum, 

 pyri, rehi, ribis, robiniae, rosae, rugosum, tarsale, tibiae, vini, websteri. 



"This common species which occurs on so many of our economic and 

 wild trees and shrubs, is quite convex in form with irregular, varying 

 rugosities and pits in the hard brown derm of the adult, or dead female. 

 Various fuscous transverse and longitudinal markings are evident , on 

 the young adult- female scale before oviposition in early summer. These 

 markings rapidly disappear at her death and darker brown suffuses the 

 derm, leaving sometimes a trace of fuscous on the dorsum. 



"The cleared derm appears brownish, antennae 6 or 7-segmented, 

 usually the latter; legs well developed, ordinary; anal plates heavily 

 chitinized, together forming nearly a square; 6 large and 2 small hairs 

 on the anal ring; marginal spines rather short and stout 18-24 mmm. in 

 length ; spiracular spines variable, rather slender, the shorter ones 

 30-4ommm. and the middle one 50-60 mmm. in length. The cleared 

 derm shows extra heavy chitinization of the regions along the anterior 

 margin extending inward toward the antennse, and also of the posterior 

 lobes near the cleft. The characteristic general arrangement of the 

 many derm pores in very irregular, broken and interrupted radiating 

 rows, is especially noticeable near the margin. In some specimens this 

 character is not so marked." (Sanders 1909). 



This insect, if the above Hst of synonyms be accepted, occurs 

 in many states on a very large number of shrubs, fruit and 

 shade trees including the apple, plum., peach, apricot, pear, 

 currant, blackberry, mulberry, sage, orange, elm, ash, locust, 

 linden, maple, dogwood, etc. In Maine we have found it on 

 elm, ash, maple, honey locust, apple, rose, and hitter sweet. 

 Fig. 488 shows specimens of Lecanium collected on red ash, 

 Orono, July 12. 



Remedies. Thorough spraying with a crude oil or a distillate 

 oil emulsion applied " as a winter treatment. The crude oil 

 emulsion is prepared according to the following formula. (See 

 Bui. 80, Pt. VIII. Bur. of Ent. U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



"Water gallons 86 



Fish-oil soap pounds 10 



Lye do 2 



Crude oil ( 16° to 22° Baume) gallons 12 



