FOSSIL FLORA. 701 



Eocene beds at Atauekerdluk, Greenland, perhaps approaches most closely. 

 They are, however, larger leaves, with coarser, more acute teeth and. fewer 

 strictly alternate secondaries. The leaves of F. undulata are quite unlike 

 the type specimen of F. dentata as described by Goppert 1 from the Tertiary 

 of Schossnitz, as indeed are the leaves doubtfully so identified by Heer. 



The Yellowstone National Park leaves are also quite like leaves of 

 Fag us castanecefolia Ung\, as figured by Heer 2 from the same beds. These 

 were afterwards referred by Heer 3 to his Castanea ungeri on what seems to 

 me to have been insufficient grounds. There is hardly any difference 

 between these and leaves of F. undulata, except that the teeth are a little 

 sharper. It is probable that they should be placed together, but as the 

 status of Heer's plants is somewhat unsettled, I have preferred to keep them 

 separated for the present. 



Goppert has also described another species, F. attenuata, from Schoss- 

 nitz, which is really quite close to F. undulata. It is about the same size and 

 has rounded teeth, but there is uniformly a tooth between two of the teeth 

 which are entered by the secondaries. In F. undulata every tooth is entered 

 by a secondary. 



Fagus antipofii Abich, as figured by Heer, 4 from the so-called Miocene of 

 Alaska, is not greatly unlike the species under consideration. It has the 

 outline, parallel secondaries, and finer nervation, but not the same kind of 

 teeth. There are a number of other species, as F. atlantica Ung., F. feronice 

 Ung. 5 as figured by Lesquereux 6 from Elko, Nevada, etc., that resemble 

 F. undulata in one or more particulars, but not by any means sufficiently 

 for specific identity. 



But among all fossil forms, two of the leaves described by Heer as 

 Castanea ungeri, 1 from the supposed Miocene of Alaska, are undoubtedly 

 nearest to the species under consideration. They are of about the same 

 size and shape, but have teeth a little more acute. The secondaries are 

 numerous, parallel, and enter the teeth as in Fagus undulata, but in origin 



1 Tert. Fl. v. Schossnitz in Scklesien, Gorlitz, 1855, p. 18, PI. V, fig. 11. 



2 Fl. Foss. Arct., Vol. I, p. 106, PI. X, fig, la ; PI. XLVI,figs. 1-3. 

 »Loc. cit., Vol. 11 (Fl. Foss. Mask.), p. 32. 



<Loc. cit., PI. VII, fig. 4. 



s Chlor. Prot., PI. XXVII, fig. 2. 



6Tert.Fl., p. 146, PI. XIX, figs. 1-3. 



' Fl. i'oss. Arct.. Vol. II (Fl. Foss. Alask.), PI. VII, tigs. 1, 2. 



