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in the asci. He says little about the development of the perithecium 

 of this fangus, after the fusion of tAvo spiral coiled threads, and 

 makes a supposition that one must consider such a fusion as a 

 sexual process. The small dimensions of the nuclei do not permit 

 him to study t"he question more fully. 



As to the Podospora fimiseda, this fungus was studied by AVo- 

 ronin in the year 1869. After describing in detail (in his Mycolo- 

 gical Studies), the structure of a mature fungus, the development 

 of the spores and their germination, Woronin notes that on the 

 sixth or seventh day of the development of the Podospora on the 

 ends of the threads, which had produced them, or on the side- 

 growths, appeared large spherical cells. These spherical cells, which 

 he took for germs of future perithecium, Avere soon entwined on 

 all sides by surrounding hyphae. He succeeded several times, after 

 clearing the preparation with glycerin or KOH, in distinguisliing 

 this spherical cell in the centre of the perithecium. Very soon appe- 

 ared the formation of the „Nucleus'", consisting of a knot of com- 

 pressed and multicellular threads, meeting at the top, out of which 

 later developed paraphyses and asci. These are the few facts we 

 have concerning the development of the fi-uit body of the Podospora 

 fimiseda. De Вагу in his „Vergleichende Morphologie und Biologie 

 der Pilze" speaks about the necessity of working in this direction: 

 „zweifelhafte, noch wiederholter Untersuchung bedürftige Frucht- 

 anlagen, resp. Archicarpien werden von Woronin für Sphaeria Le- 

 maneae, Sordaria fimiseda... angegeben" (page 232). The above 

 mentioned studies concerning P. Anserina, S. fimicola, Sporormia 

 and other Sphaeriales likewise ought to be looked over and worked 

 out more fully. AVithout speaking about the scarcely studied cyto- 

 logical side of the question, about which we have only few indi- 

 cations (Brooks, Brown, Cavara et MoUica, "Wolfj, questions of 

 purely morphological character remain far from being resolved. Till 

 now it is not known for instance how the ascogenous hyphae and 

 asci are produced in most of the above mentioned Fungi. Their 

 evident connection with the ascogonium is only proved with regard 

 to the Sordaria fimicola, Chaetomium, Ceratostoma and Xylaria 

 tcntaculata. Is the AVoronin hyphae an organ fully replacing the 

 normally developed female sexual cells, producing in this way asco- 

 genous hyphae, not only in the Xylaria tentaculata, but in the 



