APPLE INSECTS OF MAINE. 1 33 



June, the moths appear and soon mate, completing the life 

 history. 



Remedies. 



The larvje and cocoons are not abundant, and are so conspic- 

 uous that hand picking- is the most satisfactory treatment. 



C. Insects Affecting The Fruit. 

 THE CODLING MOTH. Carpocapsa pomonella, Linn. 



The codHng moth is probably native to southeastern Europe, 

 the native home of the apple. It was introduced into the United 

 States probably in apples or pears, early in the history of the 

 country, but it was not noticed until 1849, its work previously 

 having been referred to the plum curculio. 



It is found in most of the apple growing countries of the 

 world and is widely distributed in Maine, being one of the worst 

 apple insects. The larvae, particularly of the second brood, are 

 often in apples when marketed, and crawl out and go into the 

 pupa stage when the apples are stored or exposed for sale. It 

 is not uncommon to see the moths in the spring in apple out- 

 house cellars, or on the windows of stores and houses. 



While the codling moth is more particularly an apple insect, 

 it feeds also upon pears, wild haws, crab apples and quinces, of 

 the pome fruits, and upon plums, apricots and cherries of the 

 stone fruits. Specimens have been reared from the fruit of a 

 species of screw bean and from the seed buds of roses. 



Description. 



Egg. — A thin scale, slightly smaller than the head of a pin ; whitish, 

 often with a yellowish tinge, semi-transparent, looking like a minute 

 drop of milk on the skin of the fruit. 



Larva. — Whitish, flesh-colored or pink; one-sixteenth of an inch long 

 when hatched ; three-fourths of an inch long when full grown ; three 

 pairs of true legs and five pairs of false legs ; head, first thoracic and 

 anal segments brown ; body armed with a few short hairs arising from 

 more or less distinct black spots. 



Cocoon and pupa. — When mature the larva spins, in a day, a thin 

 tough silken cocoon, the inner layer thin and white, the outer layer mixed 

 with pieces of the bark or substance on which the cocoon rests. Within 

 the cocoon, or later, the larva changes to the brown pupa. 



