134 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 



Moth. — Spread of wing about three-fourths of an inch. Front wing 

 crossed by numerous gray and brown lines, which are often wavy, the 

 hind angle marked by a large, dark brown spot streaked with bronze or 

 gold. The hind wing light greyish-brown with a darker margin. The 

 males have a pencil of long black hairs in a furrow on the upper surface 

 of the hind wing, and on the under side of the front wing an elongate, 

 narrow, black spot. 



Life History. 



The eggs are laid on the surface of the fruit, on its 

 stem, or on the adjacent leaves. Between the middle of May 

 and the middle of June, a week or two after the blossoms have 

 fallen and the fruit is from a half-inch to an inch in diameter, 

 the young larvae craw about on the surface of the fruit. The most 

 of them find their way into the blossom end, where they remain 

 feeding for several days, and finally bore to the core of the fruit. 

 They are full grown in about three weeks, when they make their 

 exit channel to the surface. After feeding a few days near the 

 surface, they emerge and usually spin cocoons under the loose 

 bark of the trunk of the tree. Those designed for the first 

 brood change soon to the pupa and the moths emerge in about 

 two weeks, to lay eggs for the second brood. Those that go 

 into the cocoon in August, and later, remain in the larval state 

 in the cocoon during the winter and emerge as moths the follow- 

 ing spring. In Mame only part of the first brood transform 

 to moths the same season. When the moths appear, whether the 

 same season or the following spring, the life history is complete. 



Remedies. 

 As soon as the blossoms fall, spray the trees with Paris green, 

 or with Paris green and Bordeaux mixture. The fallen fruit 

 should be gathered and destroyed. Hogs or sheep may be kept 

 in the orchard for the purpose. Owing to the protection 

 afforded by the apple, the larvse are particularly free from 

 natural enemies. There are, however, two species of ichneumon 

 flies which are occasionally found as parasites. 



THE PLUM cuRCULio. Couotrachelus nenuphar, Herbst. 



The plum curculio is a native of this cotmtry and originally 

 fed upon the wild plums, which it still infests. Both males and 

 females puncture the fruit to feed on it, but only the latter make 



