13'^ ilAIXE AGRICULTu'RAL EXPERI2/Z:;7 STATION. 



varieties, and tJae later races, the fall and winter fruit. Each 

 ferr.iie is :apable of laying between three and four hundred 

 eg^s. ar.i pissibly more, which are inserted from time to time, 

 one in a place, by means of a sharp ovipositor through the skin 

 of the apple. The eggs being successively developed in the 

 ovar\- of the female, after the manner of the eggs of the bam- 

 yarl fowl, the season of egg laying extends over considerable 

 time. The eggs are vertically inserted into the pulp of the apple, 

 with the end opposite the pedicel, which contains the head of 

 the maggot, pointing toward 'he c;re. The eggs are dep:si:ed 

 in all parts of the apple, usua.lv upTr .r.z :iTeti:s, sparingly near 

 the calyx and stem ends, and n::re a undandy upon the pale or 

 shaded side of the fruit. Tl_e :in:e rtzuired to deposit the eggs 

 is about one-half minute. 3y n.ts^ns ::' the sharp ovipositor a 

 characteristic puncture is n.iie tnr: :t1. he skin of the apple. 

 These punctures can be iete::ei ;v tareful ibservation with the 

 naked eye, but a pocket lens is necessary to see them well. They 

 appear as brownish specks, and have not been before distin- 

 guished from the brownish, rusty spots common on apples. 

 Under the glass tl.ty appear as zirtular cr ;;l:ni cpenings, 

 stUTOunded b)^ a brownish border, soire vhat snrunlren by :he 

 shriveling of the tissue beneath. They may be numertus en the 



Thr rTTs hatth in four or nve days, under favorable condi- 

 ti.ns ini the minute larv^ begin at once to work in the pulp of 

 tht a; Tie. They have no true opposable jaws, but the head is 

 pr : i it i ith two black curved hooks, situated above the mouth, 

 v^ ith V, hich they rasp the pulp of the fruit rapidly by means of 

 a vertical movement of the head. They live upon the juice of 

 the particles of apple thus detached, which is sucked into the 

 mouth. The pulp is rejected and turns brown. They can bur- 

 row their length in soft fruit in less than a minute. The chan- 

 nels made by the young larvae, while the fruit is stih erowing, 

 are largely healed and neither they nor the minute hite larvcS 

 are likely to be detected by the naked eye, or b} the casual 

 obsener. As the lar-.s gr: v, and the fruit matures, the 

 enlarged channels do not heal, but turn brt vn and the presence 

 of the maggots is then readily detetted. These channels 

 meander through the whole fruit, even the core. They often 

 cross each other, enlarge as the larrs grcvr, and in the last 



