ORCHARD SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS. 5 1 



v/hat behind the boiled sprays in per cent efficiency, while the 

 self-boiled mixture ranked last. The latter caused neither leaf 

 nor fruit injury, while Bordeaux produced russeted fruit in 

 some cases. Slight russeting of fruit is also reported where 

 the stronger commercial sprays were used. 



Mr. M. B. Waite* has recently reported the results of several 

 new fungicide combinations for the apple. In these iron sul- 

 phate or calcium sulphate is combined with standard bordeaux 

 mixture or one of the forms of lime-sulphur solutions. These 

 have been compared with the standard bordeaux, neutral bor- 

 deaux, both kinds of lime-sulphur sprays and a combination of 

 the boiled lime-sulphur with bordeaux; all of these used with 

 lead arsenate. 



Promising results are given for the first year's work. The 

 noteworthy facts are the fruit russeting of at least one variety 

 (Ben Davis) by all the copper containing fungicides; the appar- 

 ent reduction of injury by the addition of sulphur compounds 

 to bordeaux and the promising action of a combination of iron 

 sulphate and self-boiled lime-sulphur. 



Parrott and Schoene** have recently reported the results of a 

 large number of cooperative experiments conducted in 1910 by 

 practical apple growers in New York with the home-made lime- 

 sulphur concentrates. These results are almost unanimously 

 favorable to th"e use of the spray as a substitute for bordeaux. 

 Slight leaf injury and fruit russeting are noted, but of a nature 

 entirely negligible in view of the general superiority to bor- 

 deaux. But one case of severe injury was experienced. Of 

 the 20 orchardists conducting this experiment on a practical 

 basis 19 purpose using the sulphur sprays the coming season. 



Wallace's work during the season just past enlarged consid- 

 erably on his previous field work.f About 90 plots, embracing 

 5 varieties of apples, 4 varieties of peaches and 2 varieties of 

 pears were included in the experiments. The sprays used were 



* Waite M. B. "Experiments on the Apple with Some New and Little- 

 known Fungicides." U. S. D. A. Bureau Plant Industry Circ. 58, 

 (1910). 



** Parrott, P. J. and Schoene, W. J. "Experiments with the Home 

 Made Concentrated Lime-Sulphur Solutions." N. Y. Agric. Expt. Sta. 

 (Geneva). Bull. 330, (191 1). 



t Wallace, E. "Lime-Sulfur as a Summer Spray." N. Y. Agric. Expt. 

 Sta. (Cornell). Bulletin 289, (1911). 



