POULTRY DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT. 61 



being followed by much air. The bird's head is then brought 

 in a line with the neck, which is extended, the catheter is passed 

 carefully to the crop, when a slight pressure on the bulb forces 

 out the medicine, and the instrument is withdrawn. The opera- 

 tor should be sure that he avoids the trachea." 



More recently Gage and Opperman* have found Epsom salts 

 and turpentine a very effective remedy for Nodular Tseniasis. 

 After careful consideration of the data they conclude that "40 

 to 50 grains of Epsom salts is sufficient for an adult fowl in 

 order to clean out the intestinal tract so that the birds may take 

 food. Then the turpentine should be introduced" as directed 

 above. P'or younger birds the dose of salts should be propor- 

 tionately less. In fowls from 6 months to 2 years old the salts 

 are best given by dissolving in water and giving each fowl this 

 liquid. For younger chicks the salts may be dissolved in warm 

 water and used to moisten the mash or feed. 



Prevention. — The following statement by Salmon gives some 

 of the chief preventative measures : "Parasitic infestation of the 

 digestive tract should be guarded against by hygienic measures 

 so far as possible. One of the most important of these measures 

 is to move the fowls upon fresh ground every 2 or 3 years, or 

 certainly in all cases where such parasites are frequently ob- 

 served in the intestines of the birds. Another practical measure, 

 which may be adopted at the same time, is to remove the excre- 

 ment daily from the houses and destroy any parasites or their 

 eggs which may be in it, by mixing it with quick lime or satu- 

 rating it with a 10 per cent solution of sulphuric acid. The acid 

 is cheap, but requires that great care be taken in diluting it, 

 owing to danger of its splashing upon the clothing and flesh and 

 causing severe burns. It should always be poured slowly into 

 the water used for dilution, but on no account should water be 

 poured into the acid as it will cause explosions and splashing." 



"When treating diseased birds these should always be isolated 

 and confined, and their droppings should either be burned or 

 treated with lime or sulphuric acid as just recommended. With- 

 out these hygienic measures, medical treatment can only be par- 

 tially successful." 



Stiles says : "An extermination of slugs will insure immunity 

 against Davainea proglottina, but no precise directions can be 



*Md. Agric. Expt. Stat. Bui. 139, 1909. 



