208 POULTRY DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT. 



Pericardium. — The membranous sac which contains the heart. 



Peristalsis. — The worm-like movements of the intestine and oviduct bj' 

 which the contents of these tubes are propelled. 



Peritonitis. — Inliammation of the peritoneum or the membrane lining the 

 abdominal cavity. 



Pliarynx. — That portion of the alimentary canal between the mouth and 

 the oesophagus. It also communicates with the 

 larynx and nasal passages at its upper end. 



Prognosis. — The prospect as to recovery from a disease or a forecast 

 as to the probable result of an attack of a disease. 



Protoplasiv. — A viscid granular material which forms the essential con- 

 stituent of the living cell. Living substance. 



Proto::oa. — A class of unicellular animal micro-organisms. 



Provcntriculiis. — That portion of a bird's alimentary canal lying be- 

 tween the crop and the gizzard. Often called the 

 stomach. 



Punctiform hemorrhages. Presenting the appearance as if prmctured 

 by a large number of fine prickle or needle holes 

 from which the blood oozes. 



Purgative. — Causing evacuations of the bowels. 



Pyaemia. — Blood poison due to microbic origin. 



Sarcoma. — A kind of tumor or cancer not always of a malignant nature. 



Scabies. — A contagious skin disease ca'.ised by a mite. 



Sclerotic. — Pertaining to the hard white fibrous membrane which with 

 cornea forms the outermost coats of the eyeball. 



Serum. — The clear liquid which separates from the clot and the corpus- 

 cles in the clotting of blood. 



Spleen. — An oval shaped organ normally about one-half inch in diameter 

 and of a dark red color. It lies irr.meo'ately above 

 the liver and between that and the proventriculus. 



Spore. — The reproductive cell of many protozoa and of many lower 

 plants. It is usually enclosed in tough membranes 

 and is difficult to kill. 



Stigma. — See p. 157. • ' 



Subcutaneous. — Beneath the skin. 



Sub-mucosa. — The layer of tissue situated beneath the mucous mem- 

 brane. 



Syncope (sin-ko-pe).'- — Fainting. Failure of the heart's action. 



Trachea. — The wind-pipe. 



Traumatic. — Caused by an injury. 



Therapeutic— 'Pevtaming to the art and science of healing. 



Urate. — A salt of uric acid. A product of the secretion of the kid- 

 neys. The white part of a fowl's droppings. 



Ureters. — The tubes leading from the kidneys to the cloaca. 



Uterus. — See p. 158. 



Vagina. — That portion of the oviduct between the shell gland and the 

 cloaca. 



Virulent.- — Extremely poisonous or dangerous. 



Virus. — Any animal poison, especially one produced by and capable of 

 transmitting a disease. 



Viscera. — The internal organs of the body. 



